Publications by authors named "E K Mulholland"
Background: Populations affected by humanitarian crises likely experience high burdens of pneumococcal disease. Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage estimates are essential to understand pneumococcal transmission dynamics and the potential impact of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV). Over 100 million people are forcibly displaced worldwide, yet here we present only the second pneumococcal carriage estimates for a displaced population.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- The study addresses treatment disparities for kidney failure between First Nations people (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander) and non-First Nations individuals in Australia, aiming to improve home-based treatment options.
- It involves a multicenter approach to collect data from health services, staff, and patients to understand the factors affecting health outcomes and service utilization.
- The research, funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, has received multiple ethics approvals to ensure it meets ethical standards.
Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on pneumococcal carriage in hospitalised children aged 2-59 months in Mongolia: an active pneumonia surveillance programme.
Lancet Microbe
December 2024
Background: Data on changes in pneumococcal serotypes in hospitalised children following the introduction of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) in low-income and middle-income countries are scarce. In 2016, Mongolia introduced the 13-valent PCV (PCV13) into the national immunisation programme. We aimed to describe the trend and impact of PCV13 introduction on pneumococcal carriage in hospitalised children aged 2-59 months with pneumonia in Mongolia over a 6-year period.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- A study assessed the long-term effects of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) on pneumococcal carriage in infants and toddlers in Asia, with surveys conducted before (2015) and after (2017, 2022) its introduction.
- The findings revealed a decrease in carriage of PCV13 serotypes and a drop in resistance genes among toddlers six years after the vaccine was introduced, although overall pneumococcal density increased.
- The most common non-vaccine serotype identified in 2022 was Serotype 15A, mainly linked to a specific genetic lineage, suggesting that tracking these changes is vital for future vaccine development.
Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic period (2020 to 2022) challenged and overstretched the capacity of primary health care services to deliver health care globally. The sector faced a highly uncertain and dynamic period that encompassed anticipation of a new, unknown, lethal and highly transmissible infection, the introduction of various travel restrictions, health workforce shortages, new government funding announcements and various policies to restrict the spread of the COVID-19 virus, then vaccination and treatments. This qualitative study aims to document and explore how the pandemic affected primary health care utilisation and delivery in remote and regional Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF