[Cerebral venous thrombosis--clinical aspects and consequences].

The clinical picture of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) depends on the site of thrombosis in the venous system including superficial veins, deep veins and venous sinuses. Thrombotic changes may occur simultaneously in various parts of the venous system. Since CVT may have various causes, the knowledge of its etiology helps to make the diagnosis.

["De novo" non-convulsive status epilepticus in adults and in the elderly].

There is a growing number of publications in the recent literature reporting the incidence of non-convulsive status epilepticus in the elderly, including both absence epilepsy and partial epileptic seizures. Absence status epilepticus creates a diagnostic problem because of its clinical features: confusion ranging from slight disorientation to stupor. Duration of such states may vary from one hour to a few weeks, with fluctuations and epileptic features in EEG recording (a typical pattern of spikes-slow waves, 3 Hz frequency, symmetrical and synchronical) that disappear after an intravenous injection of benzodiazepines.

[Cerebral amyloid angiopathy as a cause of strokes].

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), a condition affecting the elderly in a way similar to that of Alzheimer's disease, results from amyloid deposition within small and medium arteries of the cerebral leptomeninges and cerebral cortex. Next to atheromatosis, amyloidosis is the second most frequent cause of cerebral haemorrhage, especially recurrent. The most recent publications suggest that amyloidosis may also cause transient ischaemic attacks (TIA), cerebral infarcts, Binswanger's type leukoencephalopathy, symptoms resembling these of cerebral pseudotumour, and other dysfunctions.

[Neuropsychological deficits after surgical repair of anterior communicating artery aneurysm].

Based on the review of literature we tried to establish the pattern and dynamic of psychoneurological disturbances as a result of rupture and surgical procedures of anterior communicating artery (ACoA) aneurysm in three aspects: pathoanatomy, pathophysiology and rehabilitation. Anterior communicating artery syndrome (amnesia, confabulation, personality changes) was observed in very few patients, especially in those after clipping of an anterior communicating artery (trapping). Mostly neuropsychological pattern consisted of anterograde memory problems, executive dysfunctions, global attention impairments, confabulations and personality changes.

[Idiopathic autonomic neuropathy (pandysautonomia)].

On the basis of current literature, clinical and neuropathologic features of idiopathic autonomic neuropathy is presented. Idiopathic autonomic neuropathy is a disease characterized by acute or subacute onset, monophasic course over a period of several years, it is often preceded by an infection. The spectrum of autonomic changes ranges from cholinergic or adrenergic dysfunction to pandysautonomia, leading to heterogeneity of its clinical features.