Revival of the Ugandan Blood Transfusion System 1989: an example of international cooperation.

10 yr of civil war in Uganda had destroyed the Blood Transfusion Service when the government came to power in 1986. AIDS had become recognized as a problem of severe proportion. In 1987, the E.

Solid phase red cell adherence immunoassay for anti-HIV 1: a simple, rapid, and accurate method for donor screening.

In technically developed countries in which acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a risk to the recipients of blood or tissue, it is mandatory to screen the donor for evidence of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. Current tests, based on enzyme-linked immunoassay, are time-consuming and expensive and as such are unsuitable for developing countries. We describe a second generation test using anti-human IgG coupled to red cells as the indicator of antibody having reacted with test antigen (1).

Rapid, easy, and economical screening test for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus.

A new dot enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with a conserved portion of the envelope protein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as antigen has been designed for use in areas with few laboratory facilities and by personnel with little laboratory experience. Sera were tested in 263 subjects who had AIDS or AIDS-related complex or were at-risk or not-at-risk of AIDS from the USA, Africa, and Asia/Oceania. The dot EIA was 100% sensitive in the American subjects, and there were only 2 false negatives in the others, both of which were negative by commercial EIA.

Respiratory pharmacology. Antithrombotic and fibrinolytic therapy.

Antithrombotic therapy with heparin is effective in reducing the incidence of thromboembolic disease when given prophylactically to high-risk patients. Heparin followed by oral antithrombotic therapy is accepted practice for the management of established thromboembolism. Fibrinolytic therapy has been demonstrated to be effective in recanalization of vessels occluded by thrombus, but is contraindicated if the effect of peripheral embolization from the occlusion is likely to result in severe morbidity.