The impact of frost-damage on the quality and quantity of the secreted antigen-specific IgG repertoire.

Freezing of alum-based vaccines drastically alters their colloidal composition and leads to irreversible cluster formation. The loss of stability is well described, but the impact of frost damage on the functionality of the induced and secreted antibody repertoire has not been studied in detail. We therefore applied our single-cell measurement platform to extract the frequencies of Immunoglobulin G-secreting cells in combination with individual secretion rates and affinities.

The ageing joint-standard age- and sex-related values of bone erosions and osteophytes in the hand joints of healthy individuals.

Objective: To analyze the age-related changes of the physiological hand joint architecture.

Method: To address this concept, healthy individuals (each 10 women and 10 men in six different age decades spanning from 21 to 80 years) were recruited through a field campaign, investigated for the absence of rheumatic diseases and other comorbidities and received high-resolution quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) examination of the hand joints. Number and extent of erosions and osteophytes were quantified across the ages and different sexes.

Treatment of refractory pyoderma gangrenosum with infliximab in a 17-month-old boy.

This report details the case of a 17-month old boy with refractory multifocal pyoderma gangrenosum responsive to anti-TNF therapy.

Murine and Human Spermatids Are Characterized by Numerous, Newly Synthesized and Differentially Expressed Transcription Factors and Bromodomain-Containing Proteins.

Much of spermatid differentiation takes place in the absence of active transcription, but in the early phase, large amounts of mRNA are synthesized, translationally repressed, and stored. Most nucleosomal histones are then degraded, and chromatin is repackaged by protamines. For both transcription and the histone-to-protamine transition in differentiating spermatids, chromatin must be opened.