Label Free Detection of L-Glutamate Using Microfluidic Based Thermal Biosensor.

A thermoelectric biosensor for the detection of L-glutamate concentration was developed. The thermoelectric sensor is integrated into a micro-calorimeter which measures the heat produced by biochemical reactions. The device contains a single flow channel that is 120 µm high and 10 mm wide with two fluid inlets and one fluid outlet.

Thermoelectric method for sequencing DNA.

This study describes a novel, thermoelectric method for DNA sequencing in a microfluidic device. The method measures the heat released when DNA polymerase inserts a deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate into a primed DNA template. The study describes the principle of operation of a laminar flow microfluidic chip with a reaction zone that contains DNA template/primer complex immobilized to the inner surface of the device's lower channel wall.

Linear performance characteristics of latissimus dorsi muscle: potential for cardiac assistance.

Knowledge of the quantitative performance capabilities of skeletal muscle in a linear geometry is necessary to predict the performance and to optimize the design of linearly configured, skeletal muscle powered cardiac assist devices (MCADs). This study determined the performance characteristics of goat latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) using a linear, ex vivo experimental apparatus. In five goats, the LDM (130.

In vivo and in vitro deactivation rates of PTFE-coupled glucose oxidase.

The deactivation of immobilized enzymes is a major lifetime limiting factor in several types of potentially implantable biosensors. The deactivation rate of covalently immobilized glucose oxidase was examined in vitro in mock physiologic environments and in the peritoneal cavity of mice. A first order deactivation model describes the observed exponential decay of the enzyme.

A vibrating probe thermal biochemical sensor.

Rapid vibration of small enzyme-thermopile biochemical sensors in solution has been observed to substantially improve their thermal noise rejection. Millimeter-order 20 Hz vibratory excursions of a thermal biosensor by a piezoelectric bender element were found to be effective in eliminating the need for temperature controlled dewars, flow streams, or special thermal environments ordinarily required to operate these sensors. Vibrated thermopiles have been made into biochemical sensors by attaching thin membrane hollow fibers to the thermopile sensing region and perfusing the lumen of the fiber with small quantities of an enzyme solution.