Modern Siberian dog ancestry was shaped by several thousand years of Eurasian-wide trade and human dispersal.

Dogs have been essential to life in the Siberian Arctic for over 9,500 y, and this tight link between people and dogs continues in Siberian communities. Although Arctic Siberian groups such as the Nenets received limited gene flow from neighboring groups, archaeological evidence suggests that metallurgy and new subsistence strategies emerged in Northwest Siberia around 2,000 y ago. It is unclear if the Siberian Arctic dog population was as continuous as the people of the region or if instead admixture occurred, possibly in relation to the influx of material culture from other parts of Eurasia.

Origins and genetic legacy of prehistoric dogs.

Dogs were the first domestic animal, but little is known about their population history and to what extent it was linked to humans. We sequenced 27 ancient dog genomes and found that all dogs share a common ancestry distinct from present-day wolves, with limited gene flow from wolves since domestication but substantial dog-to-wolf gene flow. By 11,000 years ago, at least five major ancestry lineages had diversified, demonstrating a deep genetic history of dogs during the Paleolithic.

[Perforation of the appendix and observation of Enterobius vermicularis].

A nine-year-old girl was admitted to the paediatric ward due to fever and lower abdomen pain through a day. Acute laparoscopic exploration showed a large necrotic perforation at the distal end of the appendix. During the appendectomy multiple small, live Enterobius vermicularis (pinworms) were observed.

[Animal in vivo model of arrhythmia for genes target identification for 5-amino-exo-3-azatricyclo[5.2.1.0(2,6)]decan-4-one].

The goal of the current work is to study the molecular mechanisms underlay the action of 5- amino-exo-3-azatricyclo[5.2.1.