Magnetoelectric transfer of a domain pattern.

The utility of ferroic materials is determined by the formation of domains and their poling behavior under externally applied fields. For multiferroics, which exhibit several types of ferroic order at once, it is also relevant how the domains of the coexisting ferroic states couple and what kind of functionality this might involve. In this work, we demonstrate the reversible transfer of a domain pattern between magnetization and electric-polarization space in the multiferroic DyTbFeO.

Interconversion of multiferroic domains and domain walls.

Systems with long-range order like ferromagnetism or ferroelectricity exhibit uniform, yet differently oriented three-dimensional regions called domains that are separated by two-dimensional topological defects termed domain walls. A change of the ordered state across a domain wall can lead to local non-bulk physical properties such as enhanced conductance or the promotion of unusual phases. Although highly desirable, controlled transfer of these properties between the bulk and the spatially confined walls is usually not possible.

Comparing graded anterior transposition with myectomy in primary inferior oblique overaction - A clinical trial.

Purpose: To compare the effects of graded anterior transposition with myectomy in primary inferior oblique overaction (IOOA).

Methods: In a randomized clinical trial study, patients entered into two groups: graded anterior transposition (Group 1) and myectomy (Group 2). In the myectomy method, 8 mm of the inferior oblique (lO) muscle was excised in the lower temporal side, and in the graded anterior transposition group, the IO muscle was recessed according to Wright's method.

A prospective randomized study comparing incision and curettage with injection of triamcinolone acetonide for chronic chalazia.

Purpose: To compare outcomes of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (TA) injection and incision and curettage (I&C) in the treatment of chronic chalazion.

Methods: Patients with chronic chalazion were randomized in two groups. The patients in the TA received an intralesional injection of TA and patients in the I&C underwent I&C.

Nerve stripper-assisted sural nerve harvest.

Background: Sural nerve has the favorite length and size for nerve graft interposition. Here two techniques, that is, "stocking seam" and "stair-step" or "stepladder," have been used for harvesting sural nerve. The first technique results in an unsightly scar at the posterior calf, and the latter one takes a long time to perform and exert undue traction to the graft during harvesting.