Fibula fixation is not associated with a higher rate of wound complications during pilon fracture open reduction internal fixation.

Introduction: There is a lack of consensus regarding indications for fibula fixation in pilon fractures. Reduction of the fibula fracture can assist with restoring lateral column length and reduction of the tibial plafond during pilon ORIF. However, there are theoretical concerns with wound complications and soft tissue insult.

The role of goal constructs in conceptual acquisition.

Within a given situation, an individual's goal motivates and structures how they interact with their surroundings. The goal also organizes the available information and specifies the role of a given item or attribute in terms of how it relates to the other aspects of the situation. We propose these ideas should inform the study of concept acquisition.

Civilian Ballistic Distal Femur Intraarticular Fracture Patterns.

The purpose of this study was to assess the rate and pattern of intraarticular extension of ballistic distal femur fractures. The authors examined all ballistic distal femur fractures that presented to their hospital between 2015 and 2019. The authors excluded direct condylar injuries and patients of whom a computed tomography (CT) scan was not obtained.

The Critical Shoulder Angle as a Highly Specific Predictor of a Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tear: A Case-Control Study.

Background: The critical shoulder angle (CSA) has become an important topic of study in patients with rotator cuff tears (RCTs). However, there are conflicting data on whether the CSA can differentiate between patients with normal shoulder pathology and full-thickness RCTs on shoulder radiographs.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to define the relationship between full-thickness RCTs and the CSA.

Singlet Oxygen Produced by Aspalathin and Ascorbic Acid Leads to Fragmentation of Dihydrochalcones and Adduct Formation.

Singlet oxygen-mediated fragmentation of various dihydrochalcones and chalcones was reported. (Dihydro)cinnamic acids formed in the fragmentation showed a B-ring substitution pattern of the precursor (dihydro)chalcone. For the first time, the intrinsic generation of singlet oxygen by aspalathin and ascorbic acid under mild aqueous conditions (37 °C, pH 7.