Origin and spread of human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U7.

Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup U is among the initial maternal founders in Southwest Asia and Europe and one that best indicates matrilineal genetic continuity between late Pleistocene hunter-gatherer groups and present-day populations of Europe. While most haplogroup U subclades are older than 30 thousand years, the comparatively recent coalescence time of the extant variation of haplogroup U7 (~16-19 thousand years ago) suggests that its current distribution is the consequence of more recent dispersal events, despite its wide geographical range across Europe, the Near East and South Asia. Here we report 267 new U7 mitogenomes that - analysed alongside 100 published ones - enable us to discern at least two distinct temporal phases of dispersal, both of which most likely emanated from the Near East.

[Gastrointestinal and metabolic impairments in cystic fibrosis].

This article is about the peculiarities of gastrointestinal lesions, and the nature of metabolic disorders in patients with cystic fibrosis. Presented statistical data abouth the frequency of various gastrointestinal disorders in cystic fibrosis, studied the spectrum of ultrasound changes and changes in the biochemical status of patients with cystic fibrosis.

[Impairments of gastrointestinal tract in autism].

In the article the peculiarities of the gastrointestinal tract in children with autism. Presents the algorithm for evaluation of children with autism in KhSMGC, the statistical data about the frequency of lesions of the gastrointestinal tract. The main directions of correction of digestive disorders and its results.

Double blind placebo control trial of large neutral amino acids in treatment of PKU: effect on blood phenylalanine.

Large neutral amino acids (LNAA) have been used on a limited number of patients with phenylketonuria (PKU) with the purpose of decreasing the influx of phenylalanine (Phe) to the brain. In an open-label study using LNAA, a surprising decline of blood Phe concentration was found in patients with PKU in metabolic treatment centres in Russia, the Ukraine, and the United States. To validate the data obtained from this trial, a short-term double-blind placebo control study was done using LNAA in patients with PKU, with the participation of three additional metabolic centres--Milan, Padua and Rio de Janeiro.