A Kinesin-Like Protein, KAC, is Required for Light-Induced and Actin-Based Chloroplast Movement in Marchantia polymorpha.

Chloroplasts accumulate on the cell surface under weak light conditions to efficiently capture light but avoid strong light to minimize photodamage. The blue light receptor phototropin regulates the chloroplast movement in various plant species. In Arabidopsis thaliana, phototropin mediates the light-induced chloroplast movement and positioning via specialized actin filaments on the chloroplasts, chloroplast-actin filaments.

High-intensity light promotes adaptive divergence of photosynthetic traits between sun-exposed and shaded populations in Saxifraga fortunei.

Premise: Light is essential for plants, and local populations exhibit adaptive photosynthetic traits depending on their habitats. Although plastic responses in morphological and/or physiological characteristics to different light intensities are well known, adaptive divergence with genetic variation remains to be explored. This study focused on Saxifraga fortunei (Saxifragaceae) growing in sun-exposed and shaded habitats.

Visualizing Active Replication Regions in S-Phase Chromosomes.

A basic question of cell biology is how DNA folds to chromosome. A number of recently accumulated evidences have suggested that folding of chromosome proceeds tightly coupled with DNA replication progresses. Drug-induced PCC is a useful tool for visualization of the interphase nuclei, in particular, S-phase, as S-phase prematurely condensed chromosomes (S-phase PCC).

Chemical-Induced Premature Chromosome Condensation Protocol.

Chromosome analysis is one of most fundamental techniques for cytogenetic studies. Chromosomes are conventionally prepared from mitotic cells arrested by colcemid block protocol. Premature chromosome condensation (PCC) technique is an alternative to obtain chromosomes.

A Basic and Simple Chromosome Preparation Protocol.

Chromosome preparation for chromosome analysis is basic and indispensable for wide area of biology such as genetics, medicine, molecular biology, or other many fields. However, it seems that the many artisans in that fields feel hard to get start chromosome preparation technique, as it is something technically demanding or troublesome, or it needs something secret manner to prepare good quality of chromosome spreads. Actually many technical variations among individual laboratories exist.