The Effect of Reverse Shoulder Arthroplasty Design and Surgical Indications on Deltoid and Rotator Cuff Muscle Length.

Background: Advancements in surgical planning, technique, and prosthesis design have improved adaptation to patient anatomy in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA). Postoperative changes in deltoid and rotator cuff muscle length are important and may vary based on preoperative indications and prosthesis selection. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the changes in deltoid and rotator cuff muscle length for planned rTSA using the spectrum of prosthesis configurations in both GHOA and RCA.

Initial clinical evaluation of a novel integrative bone matrix (IBM) in foot and ankle fusion procedures.

Background: Foot and ankle arthrodesis procedures are frequently performed in concert with the utilization of bone grafts. However, the availability of autologous bone is often limited, inaccessible, or not suitable, thus there is a need for bone graft substitutes with equally effective clinical outcomes. A next generation integrative bone matrix (IBM) has been developed that has intrinsic osteogenic, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive characteristics, and is a promising solution to mitigate complications such as nonunion and reduce the need for autologous bone graft harvest.

Niche-specific metabolic phenotypes can be used to identify antimicrobial targets in pathogens.

Bacterial pathogens pose a major risk to human health, leading to tens of millions of deaths annually and significant global economic losses. While bacterial infections are typically treated with antibiotic regimens, there has been a rapid emergence of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacterial strains due to antibiotic overuse. Because of this, treatment of infections with traditional antimicrobials has become increasingly difficult, necessitating the development of innovative approaches for deeply understanding pathogen function.

Zebrafish use conserved CLR and TLR signaling pathways to respond to fungal PAMPs in zymosan.

Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) such as C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are used by hosts to recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in microorganisms and to initiate innate immune responses. While PRRs exist across invertebrate and vertebrate species, the functional homology of many of these receptors is still unclear. In this study, we investigate the innate immune response of zebrafish larvae to zymosan, a β-glucan-containing particle derived from fungal cell walls.