Publications by authors named "E Falkenstein"

Birds have a remarkable longevity for their body size despite an increased body temperature, higher metabolic rate, and increased blood glucose concentrations compared to most mammals. As the end-product of purine degradation, uric acid (UA) is generated in the xanthine/hypoxanthine reactions catalyzed by xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR). In the first study, Cobb × Cobb broilers (n = 12; 4 weeks old) were separated into 2 treatments (n = 6); control (CON) and allopurinol (AL) 35 mg/kg BW (ALLO).

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Phytogenic feed additives are plant-derived products used in poultry feeding to improve overall performance of broilers. In this study, 588 one day-old Cobb 500 chicks were fed one of four diets and housed on either dirty or clean litter for 3wks. Treatments included: Group I: commercial diet with no additive and housed on clean litter; Group II: commercial diet with no additive and housed on dirty litter; Group III: commercial diet with a 0.

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The purpose of these studies was to determine the effects of uric acid (UA) and inosine administration on xanthine oxidoreductase activity in broilers. In experiment one, 25 broilers were assigned to 5 treatment groups: control, AL (25 mg of allopurinol/kg of body mass), AR (AL for 2 wk followed by allopurinol withdrawal over wk 3), UAF (AL plus 6.25 g of UA sodium salt/kg of feed), and UAI (AL plus 120 mg of UA sodium salt injected daily).

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Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of uric acid, which exists primarily in the dehydrogenase form in birds. Uric acid is the major end product of the metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds in birds and it functions as an antioxidant to reduce oxidative stress. Despite the importance of this enzyme, the tissue distribution of XOR in physiologically normal chickens is not well known.

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