Coverage for Gender-Affirming Voice Surgery and Therapy for Transgender Individuals.

Objectives/hypothesis: To determine insurance coverage for gender-affirming surgery and voice therapy for individuals who seek to align their voice with their gender identity, and to analyze differences based on state-by-state transgender equality.

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Policies from the top three commercial insurers per state in 2019 were reviewed.

Chemoselective deprotonative lithiation of azobenzenes: reactions and mechanisms.

Whereas standard strong bases (n-BuLi, s-BuLi/TMEDA, n-BuLi/t-BuOK, TMPMgCl·LiCl, and LDA) reduce the N═N bond of the parent azobenzene (Y = H), aromatic H→Li permutation occurs with LTMP when a suitable director of lithiation (Y = OMe, CONEt2, F) is present in the benzene residue of the azo compound. The method allows direct access to new substituted azobenzenes.

Amphiphilic photo-isomerisable phosphanes for aqueous organometallic catalysis.

Water-soluble phosphanes were tagged with a light-responding diazo group. Upon UV exposure, the diazo-isomerisation led to phosphane morphology change, resulting in an increase in the reaction rate of an aqueous palladium-catalysed cleavage reaction.

Synthesis and biological evaluation of dialkylsubstituted maleic anhydrides as novel inhibitors of Cdc25 dual specificity phosphatases.

An efficient synthesis of dialkylsubstituted maleic anhydrides 1a-j is described. The inhibitory potential of these original anhydride derivatives was tested toward the three human isoforms A, B and C of dual specific phosphatases Cdc25. A micromolar range inhibition of Cdc25s was observed with the maleic anhydrides bearing simple alkyl side chains longer than C(9), to reach the optimal activity with a C(17) chain length.

Hyperbaric oxygen in severe burns.

When a preliminary analysis suggested that treatment with HBO might cause an increased mortality due to HBO, a paired control study of 36 patients treated with HBO and 36 matched controls was carried out. While mortality, mean day of death, and total hospital days were the same between the two groups, the HBO group suffered more kidney damage, had more positive blood cultures. The paired control method showed that the increased mortality observed in both groups of patients studied was not due to HBO treatment but to some other undetected selection factor.