A versatile and automatic on-line screening method: Transverse diffusion of laminar flow profiles-based capillary electrophoresis for exploring PTP1B inhibitors in natural products.

Natural products (NPs) play an important role in drug discovery and drug development due to their diverse chemical properties and biological activities. In the present work, an on-line capillary electrophoresis (CE) method was developed and applied to screen protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) inhibitors in NPs. As a generic technique, transverse diffusion of laminar flow profiles (TDLFP) was utilized to mix all reactants in the capillary for on-line enzymatic reaction.

Engagement and access to support for oral health, substance use, smoking and diet by people with severe and multiple disadvantage: A qualitative study.

Background: Severe and multiple disadvantage (SMD) is the combined effect of experiencing homelessness, substance use and repeat offending. People experiencing SMD have high burden of physical and mental health issues. Oral health is one of the most common health problems in people experiencing SMD which interacts with substance use, smoking, and unhealthy diet to create a cycle of harm and disadvantage.

Finding the missed millions: innovations to bring tuberculosis diagnosis closer to key populations.

Current strategies to promptly, effectively, and equitably screen people with tuberculosis (TB) and link them to diagnosis and care are insufficient; new approaches are required to find the millions of people around the world with TB who are missed each year. Interventions also need to be designed considering how people interact with health care facilities and where appropriate should be suitable for use in the community. Here, the historical, new, and reemerging technologies that are being utilised for TB diagnosis globally are discussed, whilst highlighting that how we use and evaluate tests is just as important as the tests themselves.

Molecular characterization of the archaic HLA-B*73:01 allele reveals presentation of a unique peptidome and skewed engagement by KIR2DL2.

HLA class I alleles of archaic origin may have been retained in modern humans because they provide immunity against diseases to which archaic humans had evolved resistance. According to this model, archaic introgressed alleles were somehow distinct from those that evolved in African populations. Here we show that HLA-B*73:01, a rare allotype with putative archaic origins, has a relatively rare peptide binding motif with an unusually long-tailed peptide length distribution.

Measures of social connectedness in adult populations: a systematic review.

Background: Poor social connectedness has been identified as a risk factor for poor mental health but there is a lack of standardisation in how it is measured. This systematic review aimed to identify suitable measures of social connectedness for use in UK adult general populations.

Methods: Searches were undertaken in two stages to identify: (1) measures of social connectedness from review articles and grey literature and (2) studies reporting on the psychometric properties of the identified measures.