Therapeutic mitochondria treatment amplifies macrophage-mediated phagocytosis and recycling exocytosis.

Therapeutic administration of mitochondria has been increasingly explored. However, how these administered mitochondria impact immune response remains to be fully addressed. In this proof-of-concept study, we show that extracellularly added mitochondria to cultured peritoneal macrophages increase phagocytosis and recycling exocytosis that amplifies neuroplasticity mediated by recycled mitochondria transfer.

Emerging role of IGF1R and IR expression and localisation in adrenocortical carcinomas.

Background: The insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is overexpressed in 90% of adrenocortical carcinomas (ACC) and promotes cell proliferation via IGF1R and isoform A of insulin receptor (IRA). However, IGF2 role in ACC tumourigenesis has not been completely understood yet, and the contribution of IGF1R and IRA in mediating ACC cell growth has been poorly explored. This study aimed to investigate IGF1R and IR expression and localisation, including the expression of IR isoforms, in ACC and adrenocortical adenomas (ACA), and their role in IGF2-driven proliferation.

Anxiety Disorders Are Associated With Greater Tic Severity in Youth With Chronic Tic Disorder.

Background: Anxiety disorders are common in and may affect the severity of chronic tic disorder (CTD). We assessed anxiety phenotype in youth with CTD and evaluated for relationships among anxiety, tics, and related symptoms.

Methods: Participants ages 6-17 years with a diagnosis of CTD were enrolled from clinic into a cross-sectional study.

Gossypin-Loaded Ethosome Gel for Cutaneous Administration: A Preliminary Study on Melanoma Cells.

A preformulative study was conducted to produce and characterize ethosomes for the transdermal delivery of gossypin. This plant-derived compound possesses many pharmacological properties, including antitumoral potential. Ethosome dispersions were designed as transdermal delivery systems for gossypin, employing two different production procedures.