Neuroimaging assessment of basal ganglia volumes in Tourette Syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: An increasing number of studies indicate that anatomical, physiological, and histological differences in the basal ganglia(BG) lie in the etiology of Tourette Syndrome(TS). However, the fact that there are very few studies on the anatomy of the BG in TS, small sample sizes, and unclear information as a consequence of these studies' contradictory findings is a significant gap in the scientific literature. The current systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to examine the differences in BG volumes between TS and controls.

Effects of intraoperative fluid management on hemodynamics and tissue oxygenation according to the Pleth Variability Index in thoracic surgery.

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the total fluid volume performed by noninvasive Pleth Variability Index in thoracic surgery patients in comparison to conventional fluid management.

Methods: In this prospective randomized controlled study conducted between May 2019 and May 2020, 80 patients (68 males, 12 females; mean age: 58.5±6.

The First Surgery Experienced Through Virtual Reality: A Knee Surgery Case Report.

The decision to undergo surgery and the significance of the operating theater environment are influenced by several factors, which vary from person to person. Negative perceptions of the operating room environment can influence the decision to undergo surgery and the process of treatment. Virtual reality (VR) technology offers the potential to alter individuals' environmental encounters through the provision of diverse environmental perceptions.