Association between Fetal Adrenal Gland Ultrasound Measurements in the 9th Month and Mode of Delivery.

Objective: Several studies have previously assessed the value of changes in the fetal adrenal gland to predict preterm labor. The aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation between fetal adrenal gland measurements after 36 weeks and obstetrical outcomes.

Methods: Abdominal two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound is used to measure in the transversal plane the length of fetal zone (D1), the width (D2), and the length (D3) of fetal adrenal gland, and, subsequently, the fetal zone enlargement (FZE), in 98 primigravida women after 36 weeks.

Characteristics and outcome in prenatally diagnosed vascular aorta-umbilical vein malformation.

Congenital arteriovenous fistulas involving the abdominal aorta are very rare. We report an unusual presentation involving the umbilical vein and characterized by the occurrence of a postnatal thrombosis and a favorable outcome. Fetal abdominal arteriovenous fistulas are rare involve branches from the aorta and can lead to umbilical vein thrombosis.

Normal values of cardiac axis (CA) measurements in healthy fetuses during the first trimester screening ultrasound.

Objectives: To report the normal fetal cardiac axis (CA) values at the time of the first trimester screening ultrasound.

Methods: Standardized images and measurement of the CA were obtained from 100 healthy fetuses between 11+0 and 13+6 weeks of gestation along with the nucal thichkness (NT), Crown-rump length (CRL) and other measurements. We excluded cases with abnormal NT, later diagnosis of abnormalities, and suspected fetal cardiopathy during the pregnancy follow-up.