Low-melting sugar-urea-salt mixtures as solvents for Diels-Alder reactions.

Sweet solutions are obtained upon heating mixtures of simple carbohydrates, urea and inorganic salts to moderate temperatures, to give new chiral media for organic reactions.

Synthesis of Pyrrolidin-2-ones and of Staurosporine Aglycon (K-252c) by Intermolecular Michael Reaction.

Indolo[2,3-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazoles were isolated from nature, e.g., from low plants, especially fungi, as structurally rare natural substances.

Polyphospha.

The Eglinton reaction of diethynyl(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)phosphane (7a), that is, the oxidative coupling of 3, 4, 5, or 6 of these phosphane units, affords a mixture of the 15-, 20-, 25-, and 30-membered macrocycles 8, 9, 10, and 11. Pure triphosphacyclopentadecahexayne 8 and pentaphosphacyclopentacosadecayne 10 were isolated by HPLC, while the mixture of 9 and 11 could not be separated. Multistep syntheses of open-chain polyphosphapolyynes are described, whose intra- or intermolecular coupling yields the phosphamacrocycles 8, 9, and 11.

Q-switch laser and tattoo pigments: first results of the chemical and photophysical analysis of 41 compounds.

Background And Objective: In the Western world, there are at least 20-30 million people with tattoos. Improved self-image and social stigmatization are the main reasons for removing tattoos from skin. Q-switched lasers are applied to destroy the tattoo compounds in the skin.