Assessment of the usefulness of the murine cytotoxic T cell line CTLL-2 for immunotoxicity screening by transcriptomics.

A toxicogenomics approach was applied to assess the usefulness of the mouse cytotoxic T cell line CTLL-2 for in vitro immunotoxicity testing. CTLL-2 cells were exposed for 6 h to two model immunotoxic compounds: (1) the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON, 1 and 2 μM), a ribotoxic stress inducer, and (2) the organotin compound tributyltin oxide (TBTO, 100 and 200 nM), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress inducer. Effects on whole-genome mRNA expression were assessed by microarray analysis.

[The excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in the urine of children with urinary tract diseases].

In 81 children without any urinary or kidney disease and in children with various diseases of the urinary tract, the excretion of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) was measured in an urine sample and related to creatinine excretion. The values of the first group of children accorded well with normal values reported in the literature. The age dependency (1-12 years) of the ratio NAG/creatinine is not of great importance, a single normal value for mean and mean + 2SD can be used.