Publications by authors named "E E Solberg"
Trophic interactions regulate populations, but anthropogenic processes influence primary productivity and consumption by both herbivore and carnivore species. Trophic ecology studies often focus on natural systems such as protected areas, even though livestock globally comprise the majority of terrestrial vertebrate biomass. Here we explore spatial and temporal patterns in the distribution of biomass between plants, and large herbivores and carnivores (> 10 kg) in Norwegian rangelands, including both wildlife and livestock.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is increased during endurance competitive sports. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the most common cause of SCD in master athletes ≥ 35 years old (MAs). To reduce the risk of SCD self-assessment of symptoms by questionnaire, and evaluation of cardiovascular risk-score, are recommended as pre-participation cardiovascular evaluation (PCVE).
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- Wildlife tagging is important for understanding animal behavior and ecology, but the stress from this process can affect their movement and activity levels after being released.
- An analysis of 1585 individuals from 42 mammal species showed that over 70% exhibited significant behavioral changes post-tagging, with herbivores traveling farther while omnivores and carnivores were less active initially.
- Recovery from stress was generally quick, typically within 4-7 days, and animals in areas with a high human presence adapted faster, suggesting that tracking durations should be longer and consider species and location when designing studies.
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- Understanding the nutritional properties of foods is crucial for managing wildlife populations, specifically moose, as they balance macronutrients like protein and carbohydrates while foraging.
- A study in Norway highlighted that moose primarily derive their energy from carbohydrates (74.2%), mostly from deciduous tree browse, particularly willows, which made up 51% of their average diet over a 5-day period in summer.
- Moose regulate their nutrient intake by choosing foods that closely match their macronutrient targets and demonstrated flexibility in their feeding strategies, indicating that even small variations in diet can help them achieve nutritional balance.
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- Parasitic nematodes affect wildlife hosts like moose by reducing reproduction and increasing mortality; however, the reasons for variations in parasite communities are not well understood.
- A study analyzed 264 fecal samples from GPS-marked moose in Norway, identifying 21 nematode taxa, with higher livestock parasite prevalence in areas with more sheep, indicating spillover risks.
- Migration influenced nematode diversity and richness, with varying effects across populations; intriguingly, nematode richness was found to be greater in winter than in summer, highlighting local ecological characteristics' roles in host-parasite dynamics.