The retina of Manduca sexta: rhodopsin expression, the mosaic of green-, blue- and UV-sensitive photoreceptors, and regional specialization.

Spectral sensitivities of individual photoreceptors in the compound eye of Manduca sexta were verified by immunocytochemistry, and the retinal mosaic was mapped, using polyclonal antisera raised against amino-terminal sequences of three identified rhodopsins: P520, P450 and P357. Retinulae are composed of a small proximal cell and seven or eight elongate cells extending across the retina. In each retinula, one or two elongate dv cells oriented in the dorsal-ventral axis of the retinal lattice express either P450 or P357.

The role of the community teaching hospital in surgical undergraduate education.

Background: Significant changes in surgical practice have resulted in a reexamination of surgical undergraduate education. The increasing emphasis toward ambulatory procedures positions the community hospital as an excellent alternative site for surgical education. This study compares the quality of one medical school's surgical education at a principal teaching hospital to that of affiliated teaching hospitals.

Pylephlebitis associated with diverticulitis.

We have reported the cases of two patients who had acute pylephlebitis associated with portal vein thrombosis and septic hepatic emboli as a result of right colonic diverticulitis. Although rare, pylephlebitis is a treatable but often lethal complication of intra-abdominal sepsis. Several bacterial pathogens, especially Escherichia coli are associated with pylephlebitis.

Administration of monthly pulses of cyclophosphamide in multiple sclerosis patients. Delayed recovery of several immune parameters following discontinuation of long-term cyclophosphamide treatment.

Recovery of various components of the immune system was followed in eight patients with multiple sclerosis who had received monthly pulses of cyclophosphamide (CY) for approximately one year. CD8 cell numbers and NK and ADCC functions recovered in 1-2 months; B cells and FcR+ cell numbers recovered in 2-4 months. The recovery of CD4 cells and total T cell numbers, CD4/CD8 ratio and proliferative responses to PHA took more than 4 months.