[The relationship between the craving for alcohol and relapse of the disease].

The craving for alcohol was studied using 2 Russian and 4 international scales, including ratings of the clinician and self-rating of the patient. Depression and anxiety as well as the content of alcohol in exhaled air were assessed. The data were compared to the scores of the Impulsive Relapse Questionnaire.

[Antagonists of ionotropic glutamate receptors as the object of research in psychopharmacology].

Ionotropic glutamate receptors antagonists are now widely considered as potential medications for a variety of disorders, such as seizures, neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, and opiate tolerance and dependence. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the safest drugs are to be found amongst antagonists acting at glycine and polyamine sites of NMDA-receptor complex, low-affinity channel blockers, subtype-selective competitive NMDA-receptor antagonists, as well as non-NMDA glutamate receptors antagonists. These antagonists exhibit little or no abuse liability and are less likely to induce phencyclidine-like attention deficits and disruption of sensomotor gating.

[The effect of the NMDA-receptor antagonist (+/-)-CPP on the conditioned-reflex activation of an operant reaction in the brain electrical self-stimulation test in rats].

Self-stimulation behaviour was studied in rats with implanted bipolar electrodes in ventral tegmental area (VTA) and guide cannulae in nuclei accumbens septi (NAC). Conditioned activation of the operant response was induced by the stimuli associated with rewarding electrical stimulation of VTA, i.e.

[The psychopharmacology of narcotics: a preclinical study].

Simple and economic tests for estimating addictive potential of drugs using conditioned place preference and intravenous self-administration paradigms have been developed. Various groups of substances were revealed among 12 opioids which differed by their potencies in analgesics and reinforcing tests. Index of "narcological safety" and "addictive index" were proposed for comparative evaluation of therapeutic and adverse (addictive) effects.

[The effect of N-methyl-D,L-aspartic acid on the nociceptive reaction of mice].

Intraperitoneal NMDLA was pharmacologically studied in mice for effects by using the hot-plate test. The agent given in a subconvulsive dose of 50 mg/kg showed a biphasic action: 5 minutes after administration there was hyperalgesia (Phase I) followed by hypoalgesia (Phase II) 15 minutes later. The effects of phencyclidine, ketamine, morphine, naloxone, bromocriptine and isradipine on NMDLA's analgetic action were also examined.