Minor alterations in the intestinal microbiota composition upon Rotavirus infection do not affect susceptibility to DSS colitis.

Viral triggers at the intestinal mucosa can have multiple global effects on intestinal integrity, causing elevated intestinal barrier strength and relative protection from subsequent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) induction in various models. As viruses can interfere with the intestinal immune system both directly and indirectly through commensal bacteria, cause-effect relationships are difficult to define. Due to the complexity of putatively causative factors, our understanding of such virus-mediated protection is currently very limited.

Diagnostic Yield Variation with Colonoscopy among Pediatric Endoscopists.

Background: The primary aim of our study was to determine provider variation in diagnostic yield in a pediatric endoscopy center. Secondary aims were to examine ileal intubation rates as well as procedural complications at the provider level.

Methods: A retrospective review of sequential pediatric patients who underwent a colonoscopy, completed by June 2018, determined the rates of endoscopically abnormal (EA) and isolated histologically abnormal (IHA) colonoscopies; the overall diagnostic yield was the combination of EA and IHA.

Thromboses and hemorrhages are common in MPN patients with high JAK2V617F allele burden.

The most common causes of morbidity and mortality in myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications. The JAK2V617F mutation, commonly found in MPN, correlates with several clinical and laboratory characteristics even if the relevance of JAK2V617F allele burden in the natural history of these diseases is unclear. In this study we searched, a relation between thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications and JAK2V617F allele burden level in MPN patients.

Activated Platelet-Derived and Leukocyte-Derived Circulating Microparticles and the Risk of Thrombosis in Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia: A Role for PF4-Bearing Microparticles?

Background: Though the presence of platelets-derived microparticles (MPs) have previously been described in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT), the mechanism of thrombosis in HIT remains poorly understood. We aimed to assess the presence and origin of MPs in patients with HIT and their possible contribution to HIT with thrombosis (HITT).

Methods: Forty-five patients with HIT and 45 matched hospitalized patients with not confirmed HIT (HIT-negative) were enrolled.

Are all cases of paediatric essential thrombocythaemia really myeloproliferative neoplasms? Analysis of a large cohort.

Sporadic essential thrombocythaemia (ET) is rare in paediatrics, and the diagnostic and clinical approach to paediatric cases cannot be simply copied from experience with adults. Here, we assessed 89 children with a clinical diagnosis of ET and found that 23 patients (25·8%) had a clonal disease. The JAK2 V617F mutation was identified in 14 children, 1 child had the MPL W515L mutation, and 6 had CALR mutations.