Cancer incidence and survival among Métis adults in Canada: results from the Canadian census follow-up cohort (1992-2009).

Background: Métis people are 1 of 3 Aboriginal groups recognized by the Canadian constitution. We estimated site-specific incidence rates and survival for the most common cancers among Métis adults in Canada and compared these with rates among non-Aboriginal adults in Canada.

Methods: We examined responses to the 1991 long-form census, including self-reported Métis ancestry linked to national mortality and cancer databases for followup from 1992 to 2009.

Choice of relative or cause-specific approach to cancer survival analysis impacts estimates differentially by cancer type, population, and application: evidence from a Canadian population-based cohort study.

Background: Cause-specific (CS) and net survival in a relative survival framework (RS) are two of the most common methods for estimating cancer survival. In this paper, we assess the differences in results produced by two permutations of cause-specific and relative survival applied to estimating cancer survival and disparities in cancer survival, using data from First Nations and non-Aboriginal populations in Canada.

Methods: Subjects were members of the 1991 Canadian Census Mortality Cohort, a population-based cohort of adult respondents to the 1991 Long Form Census who have been followed up for incident cancers and death through linkage to administrative databases.

Cancer Survival Disparities Between First Nation and Non-Aboriginal Adults in Canada: Follow-up of the 1991 Census Mortality Cohort.

Background: The burden of cancer among indigenous people in Canada has been understudied due to a lack of ethnic identifiers in cancer registries. We compared cancer survival among First Nations to that among non-Aboriginal adults in Canada in the first national study of its kind to date.

Methods: A population-based cohort of approximately 2 million respondents to the 1991 Canadian Long Form Census was followed for cancer diagnoses and deaths using probabilistic linkage to cancer and death registries until 2009.

Colorectal cancer incidence in the Aboriginal population of Ontario, 1998 to 2009.

Background: Studies suggest that colorectal cancer incidence increased disproportionately among the Aboriginal population of Ontario relative to the general population. Using an ecological approach, this study examined colorectal cancer incidence for the 1998-to-2009 period among Aboriginal people living in Ontario.

Data And Methods: Based on their postal code when they were diagnosed, cases of colorectal cancer identified from the Ontario Cancer Registry were assigned to census geographic areas with high (33% or more) or low percentages of Aboriginal identity residents, using the Postal Code Conversion File Plus (PCCF+).

Cancer survival among First Nations people of Ontario, Canada (1968-2007).

We aimed to compare cancer survival in Ontario First Nations people to that in other Ontarians for five major cancer types: colorectal, lung, cervix, breast and prostate. A list of registered or "Status" Indians in Ontario was used to create a cohort of over 140,000 Ontario First Nations people. Cancers diagnosed in cohort members between 1968 and 2001 were identified from the Ontario Cancer Registry, with follow-up for death until December 31st, 2007.