Does Incretin Agonism Have Sustainable Efficacy?

Recent clinical trials using synthetic incretin hormones, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptor agonists have demonstrated that these treatments ameliorated many complications related to obesity, emphasizing the significant impact of body weight on overall health. Incretins are enteroendocrine hormones secreted by gut endothelial cells triggered by nutrient ingestion. The phenomenon that oral ingestion of glucose elicits a much higher insulin secretion than intra-venous injection of equimolar glucose is known as the incretin effect.

Cancer Biomarker Concentration Changes During Tumor Progression.

Introduction: Most circulating cancer and other disease biomarker concentrations increase during disease progression, roughly correlating with tumor burden or disease severity. During the biomarker discovery phase, several studies (some published in high-impact journals) report decreases in serum biomarkers at the time of disease diagnosis or during progression (in comparison to control, non-diseased populations). It is suggested these biomarker decreases between normal and diseased populations may have utility in diagnostics.

Calculation of virtual 3D subtraction angiographies using conditional generative adversarial networks (cGANs).

Objective: Subtraction angiographies are calculated using a native and a contrast-enhanced 3D angiography images. This minimizes both bone and metal artifacts and results in a pure image of the vessels. However, carrying out the examination twice means double the radiation dose for the patient.

Association of Free-to-Total PSA Ratio and F-DCFPyL Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET/CT Findings in Patients with Biochemical Recurrence After Radical Prostatectomy: A Prospective Single-Center Study.

In Canada and across the globe, access to PSMA PET/CT is limited and expensive. For patients with biochemical recurrence (BCR) after treatment for prostate cancer, novel strategies are needed to better stratify patients who may or may not benefit from a PSMA PET scan. The role of the free-to-total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ratio (FPSAR) in posttreatment prostate cancer, specifically in the PSMA PET/CT era, remains unknown.

The Unholy Grail of cancer screening: or is it just about the Benjamins?

The biotechnology company Grail developed a non-invasive blood test (Galleri test) which is claimed to detect 50 types of cancer at early and potentially curable stages. The initially promising results from prospective studies, and the anticipated financial success of Grail led the sequencing giant Illumina to purchase Grail for $8 billion (2021). Following this event, Grail collaborated with the UK National Health System to further clarify the test's capability, in a 3-year prospective trial, along with the standard of care.