Isotopic insights from carpological remains: One of the first datasets for the Italian Bronze age.

Even though agriculture already spread into Eurasia during the Neolithic, the transition between the Copper Age and the Bronze Age was the time where Italian communities tuned horticultural techniques to foster the soil productivity. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses could be leveraged to identify some of those practices, such as manuring and irrigation. The former could spike the nitrogen values of plants, while water availability affects the carbon values.

Theoretical investigations of optical properties of FeF.

Density functional theory has been employed to determine ground state properties and calculate the complex dielectric function of the FeF compound. The complex expression of magnetic permeability has been estimated using the formula of the magnetic permeability tensor. To interpret the optical transitions, densities of states and projected densities of states have been determined.

Recovery from 6-month spaceflight at the International Space Station: muscle-related stress into a proinflammatory setting.

The Sarcolab pilot study of 2 crewmembers, investigated before and after a 6-mo International Space Station mission, has demonstrated the substantial muscle wasting and weakness, along with disruption of muscle's oxidative metabolism. The present work aimed at evaluating the pro/anti-inflammatory status in the same 2 crewmembers (A, B). Blood circulating (c-)microRNAs (miRs), c-proteasome, c-mitochondrial DNA, and cytokines were assessed by real-time quantitative PCR or ELISA tests.

Erratum: Author Correction: Sarcolab pilot study into skeletal muscle's adaptation to longterm spaceflight.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/s41526-018-0052-1.].

Sarcolab pilot study into skeletal muscle's adaptation to long-term spaceflight.

Spaceflight causes muscle wasting. The Sarcolab pilot study investigated two astronauts with regards to plantar flexor muscle size, architecture, and function, and to the underlying molecular adaptations in order to further the understanding of muscular responses to spaceflight and exercise countermeasures. Two crew members (A and B) spent 6 months in space.