"Rigorous and Systematic Qualitative Data Analysis in Biological Anthropology".

Biological anthropologists have long engaged in qualitative data analysis (QDA), though such work is not always foregrounded. In this article, we discuss the role of rigorous and systematic QDA in biological anthropology and consider how it can be understood and advanced. We first establish what kinds of qualitative data and analysis are used in biological anthropology.

Evidence of physiological changes associated with single-session pre-frontal tDCS: a pilot study.

Objective: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a non-invasive, painless method of applying direct current electrical stimulation to specific areas of the brain, is an effective method for enhancing attention and post-stroke fatigue, as shown by behavioral improvements in post-stroke populations. While behavioral evidence supports this method, there is a paucity of physiological data corroboration of this improvement. The current study is designed to investigate if a single session of tDCS will improve attention and fatigue as shown by relevant physiological methods in persons with post-stroke aphasia.

Attention-dependent coupling with forebrain and brainstem neuromodulatory nuclei differs across the lifespan.

Attentional states reflect the changing behavioral relevance of stimuli in one's environment, having important consequences for learning and memory. Supporting well-established cortical contributions, attentional states are hypothesized to originate from subcortical neuromodulatory nuclei, such as the basal forebrain (BF) and locus coeruleus (LC), which are among the first to change with aging. Here, we characterized the interplay between BF and LC neuromodulatory nuclei and their relation to two common afferent cortical targets important for attention and memory, the posterior cingulate cortex and hippocampus, across the adult lifespan.

Age and gender-related patterns of arterial transit time and cerebral blood flow in healthy adults.

Normal aging has been associated with increased arterial transit time (ATT) and reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, age-related patterns of ATT and CBF and their relationship remain unclear. This is partly due to the lengthy scan times required for ATT measurements, which caused previous age-related CBF studies to not fully account for transit time.

Association of arachnoid fossae and endocranial lesions in a historical population from Poland: new diagnostic possibilities.

This study examines the arachnoid fossae (AF) in crania from early modern Wrocław, Poland, and their connection to endocranial lesions, specifically abnormal blood vessel impressions (ABVI) and periosteal appositions of the dura mater (PADM). AF are fovea on the inner surface of the cranial bone, which arise as the result of arachnoid granulations' (AG) protruding and causing the resorption of the bone. ABVI and PADM are non-specific pathological lesions caused by inflammation and hemorrhages in the meninges.