Genetic Relationships and Molecular Signatures of Divergence in Traditional Landraces and Morphotypes of .

is a complex species incorporating a great variety of vegetable types, including cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, kale, and others. Southern Italy, and especially the Puglia region, is rich in landraces. In this study, genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) was applied to a germplasm panel of 82 samples, mostly landraces and some commercial varieties, belonging to various morphotypes of .

Single cell combined with laser ablation ICP-MS to study cisplatinum (IV) loaded nanoparticles penetration pathways in osteosarcoma spheroids.

Background: 3D cellular structures have been considered the following step in the evaluation of drugs penetration after 2D cultures since they are more physiologically representative in cancer cell biology. Here the penetration capabilities of Pt (IV)-loaded ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles in 143B osteosarcoma multicellular spheroids of different sizes is conducted by a multidimensional quantitative approach. Single cell (SC) and imaging techniques (laser ablation, LA) coupled to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) are used to visualize their penetration pathways and distribution in comparison to those of cisplatin.

Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Bauhinia variegata Linn. Roots: Isolation, Characterization, and Cytotoxic Evaluation.

Introduction: This study aims to isolate and characterize potential cytotoxic compounds from the roots of Bauhinia variegata Linn. (Caesalpiniaceae) and evaluate their activity against human cancer cell lines. Five compounds, namely β-sitosterol (1), piperine (2), piperolein B (3), retrofractamide A (4), and dehydropipernonaline (5), were isolated from B.

Design of Novel Vaccines Based on Virus-Like Particles.

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are formed by viral proteins that, when overexpressed, spontaneously self-assemble into particles that structurally are similar to infectious virus or subviral particles (e.g. the viral capsid).

Nuclear respiratory factor-1 (NRF1) induction drives mitochondrial biogenesis and attenuates amyloid beta-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and neurotoxicity.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is an important driver of neurodegeneration and synaptic abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Amyloid beta (Aβ) in mitochondria leads to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, resulting in a vicious cycle of oxidative stress in coordination with a defective electron transport chain (ETC), decreasing ATP production. AD neurons exhibit impaired mitochondrial dynamics, evidenced by fusion and fission imbalances, increased fragmentation, and deficient mitochondrial biogenesis, contributing to fewer mitochondria in brains of AD patients.