Low-Pass Whole Genome Sequencing of Cell-Free DNA from Cerebrospinal Fluid: A Focus on Pediatric Central Nervous System Tumors.

Background: Cell-free DNA (cfDNA) technology has allowed for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a previously underutilized biofluid, to be analyzed in new ways. The interrogation of CSF-derived cfDNA is giving rise to novel molecular insights, particularly in pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors, where invasive tumor tissue acquisition may be challenging. Contemporary disease monitoring is currently restricted to radiographic surveillance by magnetic resonance imaging and CSF cytology to directly detect abnormal cells and cell clusters.

The smartHEALTH European Digital Innovation Hub experiences and challenges for accelerating the transformation of public and private organizations within the innovation ecosystem.

Digital innovation can significantly enhance public health services, environmental sustainability, and social welfare. To this end, the European Digital Innovation Hub (EDIH) initiative was funded by the European Commission and national governments aiming to facilitate the digital transformation on various domains (including health) via the setup of relevant ecosystems consisting of academic institutions, research centres, start-ups, small and medium-sized enterprises, larger companies, public organizations, technology transfer offices, innovation clusters, and financial institutions. The ongoing goal of the EDIHs initiative is to bridge the gap between high-tech research taking place in universities and research centres and its deployment in real-world conditions by fostering innovation ecosystems.

From Cells to Plaques: The Molecular Pathways of Coronary Artery Calcification and Disease.

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) is a hallmark of atherosclerosis and a critical factor in the development and progression of coronary artery disease (CAD). This review aims to address the complex pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CAC and its relationship with CAD. We examine the cellular and molecular processes that drive the formation of calcified plaques, highlighting the roles of inflammation, lipid accumulation, and smooth muscle cell proliferation.

Fabrication of PLA-Based Nanoneedle Patches Loaded with Transcutol-Modified Chitosan Nanoparticles for the Transdermal Delivery of Levofloxacin.

Current transdermal drug delivery technologies, like patches and ointments, effectively deliver low molecular weight drugs through the skin. However, delivering larger, hydrophilic drugs and macromolecules remains a challenge. In the present study, we developed novel transdermal nanoneedle patches containing levofloxacin-loaded modified chitosan nanoparticles.

The Complex Mechanisms and the Potential Effects of Statins on Vascular Calcification: A Narrative Review.

Vascular calcification (VC) is a complex process of calcium deposition on the arterial wall and atherosclerotic plaques and involves interaction between vascular smooth muscle cells, inflammatory and VC mediators. The latter are independent predictors of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and potential targets of pharmaceutical therapy. This paper is a narrative review of the complex mechanisms of VC development and in this context the potential anti-atherosclerotic effects of statins.