Stability Increase of Phenolic Acid Decarboxylase by a Combination of Protein and Solvent Engineering Unlocks Applications at Elevated Temperatures.

Enzymatic decarboxylation of biobased hydroxycinnamic acids gives access to phenolic styrenes for adhesive production. Phenolic acid decarboxylases are proficient enzymes that have been applied in aqueous systems, organic solvents, biphasic systems, and deep eutectic solvents, which makes stability a key feature. Stabilization of the enzyme would increase the total turnover number and thus reduce the energy consumption and waste accumulation associated with biocatalyst production.

Validation of Indirect Calorimetry in Children Undergoing Single-Limb Non-Invasive Ventilation: A Proof of Concept, Cross-Over Study.

Background: The accurate assessment of resting energy expenditure (REE) is essential for personalized nutrition, particularly in critically ill children. Indirect calorimetry (IC) is the gold standard for measuring REE. This methodology is based on the measurement of oxygen consumption (VO) and carbon dioxide production (VCO).

Clinical features and long-term outcomes of patients with type 2 autoimmune pancreatitis.

Objectives: Type 2 is a rare form of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Despite being considered a benign disease, only few studies with limited sample size and short follow-up have been published on type 2 AIP. The aim of this observational study was to evaluate long-term outcomes, such as the risk of relapse, pancreatic insufficiency and cancer in a large type 2 AIP cohort with long follow-up.

Cerebrospinal fluid and arterial acid-base equilibria in spontaneously breathing third-trimester pregnant women.

Background: Acid-base status in full-term pregnant women is characterised by hypocapnic alkalosis. Whether this respiratory alkalosis is primary or consequent to changes in CSF electrolytes is not clear.

Methods: We enrolled third-trimester pregnant women (pregnant group) and healthy, non-pregnant women of childbearing age (controls) undergoing spinal anaesthesia for Caesarean delivery and elective surgery, respectively.

Artificial Neural Network Algorithms to Predict Resting Energy Expenditure in Critically Ill Children.

Introduction: Accurate assessment of resting energy expenditure (REE) can guide optimal nutritional prescription in critically ill children. Indirect calorimetry (IC) is the gold standard for REE measurement, but its use is limited. Alternatively, REE estimates by predictive equations/formulae are often inaccurate.