The alteration of apoptosis-related genes in female pelvic supportive tissues with regard to menopausal status.

Purpose: We aimed to compare the expression levels of anti-apoptotic and proapoptotic genes in the parametrium, sacrouterine and round ligaments with respect to menopausal status in women presenting without any indication of pelvic organ prolapse (POP). We hypothesized that apoptosis related gene expressions in female pelvic tissues may be altered during menopause.

Methods: The study groups consisted of pre-menopausal (n = 10) and menopausal (n = 10) females who did not have POP symptoms.

The value of detailed first-trimester ultrasound in the era of noninvasive prenatal testing.

Background: In 2020, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommended noninvasive prenatal testing be offered to all patients. However, current societal guidelines in the United States do not universally recommend a detailed first-trimester ultrasound.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the additional findings identified through first-trimester ultrasound that would have otherwise been missed if noninvasive prenatal testing was used alone as a first-trimester screening method.

Vaccination is preventing development of placental pathologies in SARS-CoV-2 infected pregnant patients.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has created a serious health problem in pregnant people. We aimed to address whether vaccination can prevent development of placental disease in SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers.

Methods: We reported the pathology findings obtained from routine histopathological examination of placentas of overall 38 cases.

Profiling of Immunomodulatory Genes and Quantification of CD25+ Cells in Different Types of Early Pregnancy Loss.

Introduction: Maternal regulatory T (Treg) cells play a pivotal role in establishing general immune homeostasis in the decidua for maintenance of pregnancy. We aimed in this study to investigate the relationship between mRNA expression of immunomodulatory genes and CD25+ Treg cells with early pregnancy losses.

Methods: Our study included 3 groups of early pregnancy losses including sporadic spontaneous abortions, recurrent spontaneous abortions, sporadic spontaneous abortions post IVF treatment and the control group.

Topography of the Heart: Mapping the Fetal Heart Through SlowflowHD.

SlowflowHD is a Doppler Ultrasound modality that is typically geared toward visualization of small-size vessels and low velocity blood flow. In this commentary, we emphasize the importance of implementing the use of SlowflowHD as an adjunct to traditional Doppler modalities in the echocardiography screening in both the first and second trimester. This modality carries many characteristics that allow it to overcome the limitations of our current ultrasound modalities and facilitate mapping of the entirety of the fetal heart.