Thyroid Ultrasound Appropriateness Identification Through Natural Language Processing of Electronic Health Records.

Objective: To address thyroid cancer overdiagnosis, we aim to develop a natural language processing (NLP) algorithm to determine the appropriateness of thyroid ultrasounds (TUS).

Patients And Methods: Between 2017 and 2021, we identified 18,000 TUS patients at Mayo Clinic and selected 628 for chart review to create a ground truth dataset based on consensus. We developed a rule-based NLP pipeline to identify TUS as appropriate TUS (aTUS) or inappropriate TUS (iTUS) using patients' clinical notes and additional meta information.

Learning curves and association of pathologist's performance with the diagnostic accuracy of linear endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA): a cohort study in a tertiary care reference centre.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the learning curves and the influence of the pathologist's performance on the endobronchial ultrasound transbronchial needle aspiration's (EBUS-TBNA's) diagnostic accuracy in a real-world study.

Design/setting: Cohort study conducted in a tertiary care university hospital (single centre) with patients referred for EBUS-TBNA.

Participants/intervention: We initially evaluated 376 patients (673 lymph nodes), 368 (660 lymph nodes) of whom were recruited.

The sternohyoid muscle flap for new dynamic facial reanimation technique: Anatomical study and clinical results.

Background: Long-term facial nerve palsy has a highly negative impact on patients' quality of life. In 2016, Alam reported one case of facial reanimation with the sternohyoid muscle after publishing a preclinical study in 2013. Despite the potentially ideal characteristics of this muscle for reanimation of facial palsy, this technique is still not widely used.

Nocturnal Hypoxemia and CT Determined Pulmonary Artery Enlargement in Smokers.

Background: Pulmonary artery enlargement (PAE) detected using chest computed tomography (CT) is associated with poor outcomes in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is unknown whether nocturnal hypoxemia occurring in smokers, with or without COPD, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) or their overlap, may be associated with PAE assessed by chest CT.

Methods: We analysed data from two prospective cohort studies that enrolled 284 smokers in lung cancer screening programs and completing baseline home sleep studies and chest CT scans.

Improved in vivo efficacy of clinical-grade cryopreserved human hepatocytes in mice with acute liver failure.

Clinical hepatocyte transplantation short-term efficacy has been demonstrated; however, some major limitations, mainly due to the shortage of organs, the lack of quality of isolated cells and the low cell engraftment after transplantation, should be solved for increasing its efficacy in clinical applications. Cellular stress during isolation causes an unpredictable loss of attachment ability of the cells, which can be aggravated by cryopreservation and thawing. In this work, we focused on the use of a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) solution compared with the standard cryopreservation medium, the University of Wisconsin medium, for the purpose of improving the functional quality of cells and their ability to engraft in vivo, with the idea of establishing a biobank of cryopreserved human hepatocytes available for their clinical use.