Overview of acutely decompensated congestive heart failure (ADHF): a report from the ADHERE registry.

Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) has emerged as a major public health problem, and HF has become the leading cause of hospitalization in persons over 65 years of age. It is estimated that there are 6.5 million hospital days attributed to ADHF each year.

Infarct size reduction with coronary venous retroinfusion of diltiazem in the acute occlusion/reperfusion porcine heart model.

Calcium channel blockers are commonly used for the treatment of ischemic heart disease, but their effects on myocardial infarct size (IS) after reperfusion are not well known. Enflurane-anesthetized open-chest pigs subjected to 60-min left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion followed by 3-h reperfusion were referred to one of the four experimental groups. Beginning 10 min before the onset of reperfusion, pigs in group A received diltiazem (7.

Short-term synchronized retroperfusion before reperfusion reduces infarct size after prolonged ischemia in dogs.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that synchronized coronary venous retroperfusion (SRP) can restore blood flow to the ischemic myocardium, resulting in infarct size reduction and improvement of the left ventricular function. Despite the nutritive blood flow achieved by SRP being relatively limited, SRP has been shown to improve washout of by-products from the ischemic myocardium. The aim of this study was to investigate whether short-term SRP immediately prior to reperfusion would attenuate the deteriorative phenomena following reperfusion.

Local beta-adrenergic blockade does not reduce infarct size after coronary occlusion and reperfusion: a study of coronary venous retroinfusion of metoprolol.

Previous studies have demonstrated pronounced ischemic zone myocardial concentrations of metoprolol following coronary venous retroinfusion in pigs with coronary artery ligation. The effect of coronary venous retroinfusion of metroprolol on myocardial infarct size was studied in 16 pentobarbital-anesthetized open-chest pigs undergoing 60-minute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery followed by 3 hours of reperfusion. Pigs in the experimental group (n = 8) were given 0.

Preservation of regional myocardial ultrasonic backscatter and systolic function during brief periods of ischemia by synchronized coronary venous retroperfusion.

This study examines the effects of brief periods of ischemia on average and cardiac cycle-dependent variation of regional ultrasonic backscatter paralleled with changes in regional myocardial contraction, and to what extent these changes could be reversed by synchronized coronary venous retroperfusion. In five closed-chest dogs, the left anterior descending coronary artery was occluded on four occasions for a 2-minute period and retroperfusion was applied randomly to two of the coronary occlusions. Complete functional recovery was allowed between the occlusions.