Effect of different patient positions on endotracheal tube cuff pressure in patients undergoing urological procedures: a prospective study.

Background: The endotracheal tube (ETT) contains a cuff that is placed in the trachea to prevent gas leakage and aspiration of secretions and gastric contents. However, patient positioning after intubation may cause ETT displacement and changes in cuff pressure.

Objectives: Evaluate the effect of different patient positions on ETT cuff pressure in patients undergoing urological procedures in supine, prone, lateral flank, and lithotomy positions.

Band-offsets scaling of low-index Ge/native-oxide heterostructures.

We investigate, through XPS and AFM, the pseudo layer-by-layer growth of Ge native oxide across Ge(001), (110) and (111) surfaces in ambient environment. More significantly, our study reveals a universal set of valence and conduction band offset (VBO and CBO) values observed for Ge(001), Ge(110), and Ge(111) surfaces as a function of Ge-oxide concentration. We find that the band offsets appear to be the same across these low-index Ge surfaces i.

Enabling chlorophyll photo-response for in-line real-time noninvasive direct probing of the quality of palm-oil during mill process.

During the milling process of palm oil, the degree of palm fruit ripeness is a critical factor that affects the quality and quantity of the oil. As the palm fruit matures, its chlorophyll level decreases, and since chlorophyll in oil has undesirable effects on hydrogenation, bleachability, and oxidative degradation, it's important to monitor the chlorophyll content in palm oil during the milling process. This study investigated the use of light-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (LICF) for non-invasive and real-time monitoring of chlorophyll content in diluted crude palm oil (DCO) located at the dilution and oil classification point in palm oil mill.

Anomalous Ferromagnetism of quasiparticle doped holes in cuprate heterostructures revealed using resonant soft X-ray magnetic scattering.

We report strong ferromagnetism of quasiparticle doped holes both within the ab-plane and along the c-axis of Cu-O planes in low-dimensional Au/d-LaBaCuO/LaAlO(001) heterostructures (d = 4, 8 and 12 unit-cells) using resonant soft X-ray and magnetic scattering together with X-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Interestingly, ferromagnetism is stronger at a hole doped peak and at an upper Hubbard band of O with spin-polarization degree as high as 40%, revealing strong ferromagnetism of Mottness. For in-ab-plane spin-polarizations, the spin of doped holes in O2p-Cu3d-O2p is a triplet state yielding strong ferromagnetism.