Weight-loss interventions for adolescents with Down syndrome: a systematic review.

Objective: Youth with Down syndrome (DS) experience high rates of overweight and obesity; therefore, weight-loss interventions are warranted. We aimed to systematically review weight-loss interventions for adolescents with DS to better understand the most effective strategies and identify the current gaps in the literature.

Methods: This systematic review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews [PROSPERO] #CRD42022303781).

Examining racial disparities in counseling about sacral neuromodulation for men and women with idiopathic fecal incontinence.

Background: Black patients undergo sacral neuromodulation for urinary incontinence less than White patients. There is less known about racial disparities in fecal incontinence.

Objective: To determine if racial disparities in fecal incontinence care exist, specifically sacral neuromodulation education.

Friendship buffering effects on mental health symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: A UK longitudinal study of young people with childhood adversity.

Young people with childhood adversity (CA) were at increased risk to experience mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pre-pandemic research identified high-quality friendship support as a protective factor that can buffer against the emergence of mental health problems in young people with CA. This longitudinal study investigated friendship buffering effects on mental health symptoms before and at three timepoints during the pandemic in 102 young people (aged 16-26) with low to moderate CA.

Climate change rivals fertilizer use in driving soil nitrous oxide emissions in the northern high latitudes: Insights from terrestrial biosphere models.

Nitrous oxide (NO) is the most important stratospheric ozone-depleting agent based on current emissions and the third largest contributor to increased net radiative forcing. Increases in atmospheric NO have been attributed primarily to enhanced soil NO emissions. Critically, contributions from soils in the Northern High Latitudes (NHL, >50°N) remain poorly quantified despite their exposure to rapid rates of regional warming and changing hydrology due to climate change.