Thermometer Ions, Internal Energies, and In-Source Fragmentation in Ambient Ionization.

Ionization and fragmentation are at the core of mass spectrometry. But they are not necessarily separated in space, as in-source fragmentation can also occur. Here, we survey the literature published since our 2005 review on the internal energy and fragmentation in electrospray ionization sources.

Translation of unspliced retroviral genomic RNA in the host cell is regulated in both space and time.

Retroviruses carry a genomic intron-containing RNA with a long structured 5'-untranslated region, which acts either as a genome encapsidated in the viral progeny or as an mRNA encoding the key structural protein, Gag. We developed a single-molecule microscopy approach to simultaneously visualize the viral mRNA and the nascent Gag protein during translation directly in the cell. We found that a minority of the RNA molecules serve as mRNA and that they are translated in a fast and efficient process.

[Knowing (or not knowing) their own socio-cognitive abilities].

Metacognition, the ability to monitor and regulate one's own cognitive processes, is subject to varying degrees of modification in patients suffering from neurodegenerative diseases. The literature suggests the existence of dissociations within metacognitive abilities, with some patients exhibiting, for example, specific impairments in self-assessing their memory (and not other cognitive domains). The specific assessment of metacognition in patients' social-cognitive abilities is underdeveloped, although it has significant implications for both clinical and theoretical purposes.

Feasibility and Acceptability of a Virtual "Dementia Awareness for Caregivers" Course in Brazil and India.

Objective: To establish whether a virtual dementia awareness course is feasible for caregivers of people with dementia in Brazil and India.

Methods: A pre/posttest single group, multisite feasibility study, mixed methods exploratory design was applied. Primary caregivers of people with dementia in Brazil and India took a 3 to 4-hour course adapted for online delivery, with 10 to 15 caregivers.

Nurses' Perceptions of Patients With Co-Occurring Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders in Psychiatric Settings: A Grounded Theory Study.

Aim: To explore psychiatric and mental health nurses' perceptions of patients with co-occurring psychiatric and substance use disorders in psychiatric settings.

Design: An exploratory qualitative study design based on grounded theory, employing Straussian analytic procedures.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 psychiatric and mental health nurses.