Impact of Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumor Treatments on Working Memory Tracts Using Resting-State fMRI and Tractography.

Background And Purpose: Working memory, a primary cognitive domain, is often impaired in pediatric brain tumor survivors, affecting their attention and processing speed. This study investigated the long-term effects of treatments, including surgery, radiotherapy (RT), and chemotherapy (CT), on working memory tracts in children with posterior fossa tumors (PFTs) using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and diffusion MRI tractography.

Methods: This study included 16 medulloblastoma (MB) survivors treated with postoperative RT and CT, 14 pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) survivors treated with surgery alone, and 16 healthy controls from the Imaging Memory after Pediatric Cancer in children, adolescents, and young adults study (NCT04324450).

Measuring the impact of treatment on memory functions in pediatric posterior fossa tumor survivors using diffusion tensor imaging.

Background And Purpose: The aim of the present prospective exploratory study was to investigate the long-term impact of treatment on brain structure integrity and memory functions in pediatric posterior fossa tumor (PFT) survivors using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), to determine whether the latter could provide useful biomarkers of memory impairment.

Material And Methods: Sixty participants were included in this study, divided into three groups: 22 irradiated PFT, 17 non-irradiated PFT, and 21 healthy controls. All underwent memory tests and multimodal MRI, including a DTI sequence.

Metabolic Profile of Cerebellum in Posterior Fossa Tumor Survivors: Correlation With Memory Impairment.

Aims: The cerebellum is a key structure in working and procedural memory. The aim of the present prospective exploratory study was to investigate, the metabolic characteristics of the cerebellum in posterior fossa tumor (PFT) survivors using 3D proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (3D MRSI), to determine whether metabolites could be useful biomarkers of memory impairment.

Materials And Methods: Sixty participants were included in the IMPALA study, divided into three groups: 22 irradiated PFT, 17 nonirradiated PFT, and 21 healthy controls matched with irradiated PFT for age, sex, and handedness.

Exploring Memory Systems After Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumor: From Memory Profile Comparisons in Nonirradiated Versus Irradiated Patients to Episodic Memory Tests Capable of Detecting Radiation-induced Hippocampal Damage.

Aims: Pediatric posterior fossa tumor (PFT) survivors experience long-term cognitive sequelae, including memory disorders, for which irradiation is one of the main risk factors. The aims of the present study were to (1) explore the profile of impairment in episodic, semantic, working and procedural memory systems in irradiated versus nonirradiated PFT survivors, and (2) test whether an autobiographical questionnaire and a two-phase ecological test (Epireal) assessing episodic memory are more sensitive to radiation-induced hippocampal damage than commonly used tests.

Materials And Methods: A total of 60 participants (22 irradiated PFT survivors, 17 nonirradiated PFT survivors, and 21 controls) were included in the prospective IMPALA study.

Neurological involvement related to the influenza virus in children: A 5-year single-centre retrospective study.

Introduction: Inflammation related to influenza virus infection can lead to multiple neurological presentations. Encephalitis is one of them, mostly accompanied by seizures, with different profiles depending on the epidemics and previous medical conditions.

Materials And Methods: All children presenting neurological symptoms and positive for influenza virus RNA detection in a respiratory sample between November 2018 and April 2023, hospitalized in the Department of Paediatric Neurology of Toulouse Children's Hospital, were retrospectively analysed.