First record of microplastic contamination in adult endemic amazonian anuran species.

The microplastics (MPs), due to their high dispersion and bioaccumulation rates, have been identified in various animal groups, such as anuran amphibians during both larval and adult stages. However, current studies on adult anuran amphibians focus on assessing only one exposure route, the digestive system, while other routes remain underestimated. Therefore, this present study aimed to evaluate the degree of contamination in the digestive, respiratory, and integumentary systems, in situ, of two endemic Amazonian adult anuran species (Physalaemus ephippifer and Boana multifasciata).

Association of changes in the type 2 diabetes and MASLD/related SLD status with risk of developing cardiovascular disease.

Background & Aims: This study assessed the association of remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) or metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)/related SLD (r-SLD; MASLD with excessive alcohol intake) as defined by the fatty liver index with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods: Health examination data at baseline and after 2 years (2-Years) were extracted from a nationwide claims database in Japan. Among participants aged 18-72 years with at least 3 years of follow-up, 9345 participants with DM-associated MASLD/r-SLD and 71 932 participants with non-DM MASLD/r-SLD at baseline were included in the study.

Floodplain forests drive fruit-eating fish diversity at the Amazon Basin-scale.

Unlike most rivers globally, nearly all lowland Amazonian rivers have unregulated flow, supporting seasonally flooded floodplain forests. Floodplain forests harbor a unique tree species assemblage adapted to flooding and specialized fauna, including fruit-eating fish that migrate seasonally into floodplains, favoring expansive floodplain areas. Frugivorous fish are forest-dependent fauna critical to forest regeneration via seed dispersal and support commercial and artisanal fisheries.

In vivo efficacy of uvangoletin from Piper aduncum (Piperaceae) against Schistosoma mansoni and in silico studies targeting SmNTPDases.

Schistosomiasis stands as one of the most significant parasitic diseases on a global scale, with approximately 250 million infections worldwide. It is imperative to address this pressing issue by developing new antischistosomal drugs. Chalcones have emerged as a promising class of natural compounds, demonstrating noteworthy effects observed in vitro experiments with Schistosoma mansoni, and demonstrating the ability to inhibit SmNTPDases and apyrase from potatoes.