Polyvalent 23 epitope polysaccharide pneumonia vaccine induced effective protection through strain-adapted effector mechanisms as demonstrated by the different cytokine responses in mice challenged with two different strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

We used a Balb/c mouse model of pneumococcal pneumonia to investigate the protection mechanisms induced by immunization with a polyvalent 23 epitope polysaccharide pneumonia vaccine. Groups of mice were injected x 4 times s.c.

Amoxicillin is effective against penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in a mouse pneumonia model simulating human pharmacokinetics.

High-dose oral amoxicillin (3 g/day) is the recommended empirical outpatient treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in many European guidelines. To investigate the clinical efficacy of this treatment in CAP caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae strains with MICs of amoxicillin > or =2 microg/ml, we used a lethal bacteremic pneumonia model in leukopenic female Swiss mice with induced renal failure to replicate amoxicillin kinetics in humans given 1 g/8 h orally. Amoxicillin (15 mg/kg of body weight/8 h subcutaneously) was given for 3 days.

Efficacy of cethromycin, a new ketolide, against Streptococcus pneumoniae susceptible or resistant to erythromycin in a murine pneumonia model.

Cethromycin is a ketolide with in vitro activity against macrolide-sensitive and -resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. We compared its in vivo efficacy to erythromycin in a mouse model of acute pneumonia induced by two virulent clinical strains: a serotype 3 susceptible strain (P-4241) (MICs: erythromycin, 0.03 microg/ml; cethromycin, 0.

Activity of gemifloxacin against quinolone-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in vitro and in a mouse pneumonia model.

Gemifloxacin is a novel fluoronaphthyridone quinolone with enhanced in vitro activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae. We investigated the activities of gemifloxacin and trovafloxacin, their abilities to select for resistance in vitro and in vivo, and their efficacies in a mouse model of acute pneumonia. Immunocompetent Swiss mice were infected with 10(5) CFU of a virulent, encapsulated S.

Efficacy of BAL5788, a prodrug of cephalosporin BAL9141, in a mouse model of acute pneumococcal pneumonia.

BAL5788 is a water-soluble prodrug of BAL9141, a new broad-spectrum cephalosporin with high levels of in vitro activity against methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant staphylococci and penicillin-resistant streptococci. In plasma BAL5788 is rapidly converted to BAL9141. We studied the activity of BAL5788 in a mouse model of acute pneumococcal pneumonia.