Publications by authors named "E Arinaitwe"

Objectives: The number of mosquito bites a person receives determines the risk of acquiring malaria and the likelihood of transmitting infections to mosquitoes. We assessed heterogeneity in biting and associated factors in two settings in Uganda with different endemicity.

Methods: parasites in blood-fed indoor caught mosquitoes were quantified using qPCR targeting the Pf18S rRNA gene.

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Introduction: Viral suppression is a critical component for preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV(MTCT). Mothers' perceptions of viral load suppression is crucial in the attainment of successful outcomes in preventing mother to child transmission of HIV. We therefore aimed to explore the experiences and perceptions of women on viral suppression.

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Article Synopsis
  • Natural killer (NK) cells play a key role in fighting malaria through a mechanism called antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), but how different factors influence NK cell activation is not fully understood.
  • A study compared NK cells from people exposed to malaria in Uganda with those who had never been exposed, finding that malaria-exposed individuals had stronger ADCC but weaker inflammatory responses, as evidenced by changes in NK cell surface markers.
  • The effectiveness of NK cell degranulation varied based on the type of erythrocytes and plasma used, with the best responses seen using certain sickle cell erythrocytes and plasma from high-transmission areas, while responses to clinical parasite strains were less effective compared to standard laboratory strains.
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Case management of malaria in Africa has evolved markedly over the past 20 years and updated cost estimates are needed to guide malaria control policies. We estimated the cost of malaria illness to households and the public health service and assessed the equity of these costs in Uganda. From December 2021 to May 2022, we conducted a costing exercise in eight government-run health centres covering seven sub-regions, collecting health service costs from patient observations, records review and a time-and-motion study.

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  • Tororo District, Uganda saw a significant drop in malaria cases from 2015-2019 due to using indoor residual spraying (IRS) with different insecticides but experienced a surge in cases starting in 2020 after switching to a new insecticide formulation (Fludora Fusion/SumiShield).
  • From 2021 to 2022, malaria incidence and parasite prevalence dramatically increased when using Fludora Fusion, showing more than an 8-fold rise in incidence and over a 4-fold rise in parasite prevalence among local residents.
  • A subsequent return to using Actellic insecticide in 2023 led to a substantial decline in malaria cases and prevalence, with incidences dropping almost 5-fold and prevalence decreasing by
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