Towards Green Dentistry: Evaluating the Potential of 4D Printing for Sustainable Orthodontic Aligners with a Reduced Carbon Footprint.

Clear aligners have transformed orthodontic care by providing an aesthetic, removable alternative to traditional braces. However, their significant environmental footprint, contributing to approximately 15,000 tons of plastic waste annually, poses a critical challenge. To address this issue, advancements in 4D printing have introduced "smart" aligners with shape memory properties, enabling reshaping and reducing the number of aligners required per treatment.

Modeling 1-Cyano-4-Dimethylaminopyridine Tetrafluoroborate (CDAP) Chemistry to Design Glycoconjugate Vaccines with Desired Structural and Immunological Characteristics.

Glycoconjugation is a well-established technology for vaccine development: linkage of the polysaccharide (PS) antigen to an appropriate carrier protein overcomes the limitations of PS T-independent antigens, making them effective in infants and providing immunological memory. Glycoconjugate vaccines have been successful in reducing the burden of different diseases globally. However, many pathogens still require a vaccine, and many of them display a variety of glycans on their surface that have been proposed as key antigens for the development of high-valency glycoconjugate vaccines.

Predictive factors for adnexal involvement in endometrial cancer FIGO stage IIIA.

Objective: Understanding ovarian involvement incidence and risk factors in women with endometrial cancer may inform the decision of ovary preservation.

Methods: Our retrospective study included all consecutive fully surgically staged patients with endometrial cancer who underwent primary surgery between January 2005 and November 2021, assessing the incidence of ovarian metastasis, its role as a prognostic factor for recurrence and death, and evaluated predictors of adnexal involvement.

Results: Women with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) 2009 IIIA endometrial cancer comprised 2.

An ethyl cellulose novel biodegradable flexible substrate material for sustainable screen-printing.

We introduce an innovative solution to reduce plastic dependence in flexible electronics: a biodegradable, water-resistant, and flexible cellulose-based substrate for crafting electrochemical printed platforms. This sustainable material based on ethyl cellulose (EC) serves as an eco-friendly alternative to PET in screen printing, boasting superior water resistance compared to other biodegradable options. Our study evaluates the performance of carbon-based screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) fabricated on conventional PET, recycled PET (r-PET), and (EC)-based materials.

How deep is too deep? Assessing myometrial invasion as a predictor of distant recurrence in stage I endometrioid endometrial cancer.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to evaluate the depth of myometrial invasion as a predictor of distant recurrence in patients with node-negative stage IB endometrioid endometrial cancer.

Methods: A retrospective multicenter study, including surgically staged endometrial cancer patients at Mayo Clinic, Rochester (MN, USA) between January 1999 and December 2017, and Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli (Rome, Italy) between March 2002 and March 2017, was conducted.