Reversible Contraception in Males: An Obtainable Target?

The last few decades have brought contraception to the forefront of research, with great strides made in effectively targeting and optimizing the physiology, pharmacology, and delivery processes that prevent pregnancy. However, these advances still predominantly target female contraceptives for the prevention of contraception, whereas targeting the male sex has lagged far behind. This has led to a marked deficiency in safe and effective male contraceptive agents, resulting in a heavy dependence on female contraceptives to prevent unwanted and unplanned pregnancies.

Obesity as a premature aging phenotype - implications for sarcopenic obesity.

Obesity and aging have both seen dramatic increases in prevalence throughout society. This review seeks to highlight common pathologies that present with obesity, along with the underlying risk factors, that have remarkable similarity to what is observed in the aged. These include skeletal muscle dysfunction (loss of quantity and quality), significant increases in adiposity, systemic alterations to autonomic dysfunction, reduction in nitric oxide bioavailability, increases in oxidant stress and inflammation, dysregulation of glucose homeostasis, and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Combined topical paromomycin and oral miltefosine treatment of mice experimentally infected with Leishmania (Leishmania) major leads to reduction in both lesion size and systemic parasite burdens.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the activity of the combination of topical paromomycin gel and oral miltefosine for the treatment of experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) major.

Methods: The efficacy of the combination, evaluated by measuring lesion size and parasite burden in the skin and spleen, was assessed in BALB/c mice infected by L. (L.

Topical delivery and in vivo antileishmanial activity of paromomycin-loaded liposomes for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.

The present study aimed to evaluate the potential of liposomes loaded with paromomycin (PA), an aminoglycoside antibiotic associated with poor skin penetration, for the topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). Fluid liposomes were prepared and characterized for particle size, zeta potential, and drug entrapment. Permeation studies were performed with two in vitro models: intact and stripped skin.

A novel non-antibacterial, non-chelating hydroxypyrazoline derivative of minocycline inhibits nociception and oedema in mice.

Background And Purpose: Many in vitro and fewer in vivo studies have shown that tetracyclines present anti-inflammatory activity. We investigated if a novel non-antibacterial, non-chelating hydroxypyrazoline derivative of minocycline, 12S-hydroxy-1,12-pyrazolinominocycline (PMIN), also induced antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects.

Experimental Approach: Antibacterial effects against a minocycline-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus strain were evaluated by applying a cylinder-plate agar diffusion technique.