The evidence for placental microbiome and its composition in healthy pregnancies: A systematic review.

Objective: To assess the available scientific evidence regarding the placental microbial composition of a healthy pregnancy, the quality of this evidence, and the potential relation between placental and oral microbiome.

Materials And Methods: Data sources: MEDLINE and EMBASE up to August 1, 2019.

Study Eligibility Criteria: Human subjects; healthy women; term deliveries; healthy normal birth weight; assessment of microorganisms (bacteria) in placental tissue; full research papers in English.

Comparing periodontitis biomarkers in saliva, oral rinse and gingival crevicular fluid: A pilot study.

Aim: To explore the feasibility of screening for periodontitis by measuring biomarkers, namely total proteolytic activity (TPA), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, chitinase, lysozyme or their combination, in saliva, oral rinse and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF).

Material And Methods: Subjects were recruited among healthy/gingivitis individuals and untreated periodontitis patients in Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA). All participants donated samples of unstimulated whole saliva, oral rinse and GCF.

Dentistry and OMICS: Transcriptome Dynamics of an Oral Ecosystem as Measured by Changes in Oral Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils in Experimental Gingivitis.

Oral health and dentistry are essential components of systems medicine, which has received lesser attention in comparison to other medical fields, such as cancer biology. In this context, oral polymorphonuclear neutrophils (oPMNs) play an important role in the maintenance of oral health. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report original observations on the transcriptional responses of oPMNs during experimentally induced gingivitis, by temporarily refraining from regular oral care.

Periodontal therapy increases neutrophil extracellular trap degradation.

In periodontitis, polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNs) are activated. They entrap and eliminate pathogens by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). Abnormal NET degradation is part of a pro-inflammatory status, affecting co-morbidities such as cardiovascular disease.

The Possible Role of Neutrophils in the Induction of Osteoclastogenesis.

The ligand of the receptor activator of NF-B (RANKL) is a key molecule in the formation of osteoclasts, the key cells that cause the disease-associated alveolar bone resorption in periodontitis. We hypothesized that polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), found as the most prominent cells of inflamed periodontal tissues, could play an important role in providing signals to trigger osteoclastogenesis and thus activating pathological bone resorption in periodontitis. RANKL expression was investigated on circulatory PMNs (cPMNs) and oral PMNs (oPMNs) taken from both controls and periodontitis patients.