Altered Mental Status in Children After Traumatic Brain Injury.

Pediatric head injuries are common and may present with varying degrees of altered mental status in children. The approach to evaluation, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of further injury is important in achieving good health outcomes after a head injury. In this article, we review the pathophysiology, classifications, signs and symptoms, and management of traumatic brain injury.

[Orbito-palpebral vascular pathology].

Orbito-palpebral vascular pathology represents 10% of all the diseases of this area. The lesion may be discovered during a brain CT scan or MRI, or because it causes clinical symptoms such as orbital mass, visual or oculomotor alteration, pain, proptosis, or acute bleeding due to a complication of the lesion (hemorrhage, thrombosis). We present these lesions using an anatomical, clinical, imaging and therapeutic approach.

Usefulness of colour Doppler flow imaging in the management of lacrimal gland lesions.

Objective: To assess the role of colour Doppler flow imaging (CDFI) in the diagnosis and management of lacrimal fossa lesions.

Methods: Institutional ethical committee approval was obtained. Fifty-one patients with 62 lacrimal fossa lesions were retrospectively included from 2003-2015.

Tumor pathology of the orbit.

The term orbital tumor covers a wide range of benign and malignant diseases affecting specific component of the orbit or developing in contact with them. They are found incidentally or may be investigated as part of the assessment of a systemic disorder or because of orbital signs (exophthalmos, pain, etc.).

Lin- cells mediate tissue repair by regulating MCP-1/CCL-2.

Exogenous bone marrow-derived cells (BMDCs) are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of tissue ischemia and traumatic injury. However, until we identify the molecular mechanisms that underlie their actions, there can be no rational basis for the design of therapeutic strategies using BMDCs. The pro-healing effects of BMDCs are apparent very shortly after treatment, which suggests that they may exert their effects by the modulation of acute inflammation.