Improvements in task performance after practice are associated with scale-free dynamics of brain activity.

Although practicing a task generally benefits later performance on that same task, there are individual differences in practice effects. One avenue to model such differences comes from research showing that brain networks extract functional advantages from operating in the vicinity of criticality, a state in which brain network activity is more scale-free. We hypothesized that higher scale-free signal from fMRI data, measured with the Hurst exponent (), indicates closer proximity to critical states.

MRI enhances the understanding of critical anatomy during primary laparoscopic port placement.

Despite the majority of laparoscopic visceral injuries occurring with primary entry, high-fidelity training models are lacking. Three healthy volunteers underwent non-contrast 3T MRI at Edinburgh Imaging. A direct entry 12mm trocar was filled with water to improve MR visibility, placed on the skin at entry points, then images were acquired in the supine position.

Definition, Measurement, Precursors, and Outcomes of Trust Within Health Care Teams: A Scoping Review.

Purpose: This scoping review aims to map the breadth of the literature examining how trust is defined in health care teams, describe what measurements of trust are used, and investigate the precursors and outcomes of trust.

Method: Five electronic databases (Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, Embase, and ASSIA [Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts]) were searched alongside sources of gray literature in February 2021. To be included, studies needed to discuss a health care team directly involved in managing patient care and one aspect of trust as a relational concept.

Experience selectively alters functional connectivity within a neural network to predict learned behavior in juvenile songbirds.

One of the central questions of neuroethology is how specialized brain areas communicate to form dynamic networks that support complex cognitive and behavioral processes. Developmental song learning in the male zebra finch songbird (Taeniopygia guttata) provides a unique window into the complex interplay among sensory, sensorimotor, and motor network nodes. The foundation of a young male's song structure is the sensory memory he forms during interactions with an adult "tutor.