Digital phenotyping of social functioning and employment in people with schizophrenia: Pilot data from an international sample.

Aim: Individuals living with schizophrenia experience significant impairments in social functioning. As a major clinical outcome, social functioning requires appropriate measurement tools that can capture its dynamic nature. Digital phenotyping, using smartphone technology to collect high volume ecologically valid data, can potentially capture these facets.

Exploring the Link Between Obligate Anaerobe-Related Dysbiosis and Prostate Cancer Development: A Pilot Study.

Background/objectives: Several independent studies have associated prostate cancer (PCa) with specific groups of bacteria, most of them reporting the presence of anaerobic or microaerophilic species such as (). Such findings suggest a prostate cancer-related bacterial dysbiosis, in a manner similar to the association between infection and gastric cancer. In an earlier exploratory study looking for such dysbiosis events, using a culturomics approach, we discovered that the presence of obligate anaerobes (OAs) along with was associated with increased prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in 39 participants.

Graft ischemia post cell transplantation to the brain: Glucose deprivation as the primary driver of rapid cell death.

Replacing cells lost during the progression of neurodegenerative disorders holds potential as a therapeutic strategy. Unfortunately, the majority of cells die post-transplantation, which creates logistical and biological challenges for cell therapy approaches. The cause of cell death is likely to be multifactorial in nature but has previously been correlated with hypoxia in the graft core.

Estimation of fatty acid composition in mammary adipose tissue using deep neural network with unsupervised training.

Purpose: To develop a deep learning-based method for robust and rapid estimation of the fatty acid composition (FAC) in mammary adipose tissue.

Methods: A physics-based unsupervised deep learning network for estimation of fatty acid composition-network (FAC-Net) is proposed to estimate the number of double bonds and number of methylene-interrupted double bonds from multi-echo bipolar gradient-echo data, which are subsequently converted to saturated, mono-unsaturated, and poly-unsaturated fatty acids. The loss function was based on a 10 fat peak signal model.

An economic evaluation of first-line cryoballoon ablation versus antiarrhythmic drug therapy for the treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation from a German healthcare payer perspective.

Background: Three recent randomized controlled trials demonstrated that, in patients with symptomatic paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF), first-line pulmonary vein isolation with cryoballoon catheter ablation reduces atrial arrhythmia recurrence compared to initial antiarrhythmic drug (AAD) therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of first-line cryoablation compared to first-line AADs from a German healthcare payer perspective.

Methods: Individual patient-level data from 703 participants with untreated PAF enrolled into three randomized clinical trials (Cryo-FIRST, STOP AF First and EARLY-AF) were used to derive parameters for the cost-effectiveness model (CEM).