Error mitigation in forensic handwriting examination: the examiner's perspective.

Like other pattern recognition disciplines, forensic handwriting examination relies on various human factors. Expert opinions in the field are based on visual analysis and comparison, and the evaluation of findings is generally conducted without reference to tabulated data. This high level of subjectivity may contribute to bias and error in the examination process.

Imply on diagnosis and early prognosis of preoperative [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT in patients with suspected brain tumours of glial origin.

PET/CT targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is commonly used in patients with prostate cancer. PSMA has been found in other solid tumours, including primary brain tumours. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of [Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for preoperative diagnosis and 2-year prognosis.

Association of post-stroke delirium with short-term trajectories of cognition.

Background: Delirium could increase the risk of cognitive decline. We aimed to determine if changes in cognitive functions shortly after stroke differ between patients with and patients without delirium.

Methods: We included patients who participated in the Prospective Observational Polish Study on post-stroke delirium and underwent the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at day 1, day 8 and 3 months after stroke.

Anatomical considerations in selective amygdalohippocampectomy techniques for refractory temporal lobe epilepsy: a cadaveric study with emphasis on white matter tract anatomy.

Purpose: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is a common form of focal drug resistant epilepsy in adults. Various mesial temporal lobe structures are integral in the genesis of temporal seizures and the hippocampal sclerosis is the primary neuropathological finding in these cases. Surgical treatment is considered the preferred management.

Reperfusion therapy and risk of post-stroke delirium.

Objectives: Delirium is a common and serious post-stroke complication. Early reperfusion by ameliorating brain damage could potentially prevent delirium after ischemic stroke, but the impact of this therapy on delirium remains unclear. We aimed to explore the association between reperfusion therapy (RT) and post-stroke delirium.

Circulating Chemokines and Short- and Long-Term Outcomes After Ischemic Stroke.

Chemokines are vital in post-cerebral ischemia inflammatory reactions. We investigate the possible relationship between plasma chemokines and short-term and long-term outcomes after stroke. This study included 235 patients (median age, 72 years; 49.

Determinants of the Quality of Life in Patients with Drug-Resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: A Comparison of the Results before and after Surgery.

Drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy is associated with a reduction in the quality of life of patients. The aim of this study was to compare the quality of life before and after the surgical treatment of epilepsy and to assess factors that may affect the well-being of patients after surgery. The study involved 168 patients with drug-resistant temporal lobe epilepsy.

Pre-stroke and early post-stroke apathy is associated with increased risk of dementia 3 months after stroke.

Objectives: Apathy is a frequent neuropsychiatric syndrome after stroke. We determined whether pre-morbid and early post-stroke apathy predicts dementia 3 months after stroke.

Methods: We included ischemic stroke patients without dementia who participated in the Prospective Observational Polish Study on post-stroke delirium.

Delayed symptomatic cerebral vasospasm after transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenoma.

Not required for Clinical Vignette.

Reduced ex vivo TNFα synthesis upon whole blood stimulation with endotoxin predicts post-stroke fatigue.

Objective: Fatigue is a common, debilitating syndrome after stroke. Peripheral inflammation plays a role in the pathogenesis of fatigue of different origin, but its contribution to post-stroke fatigue (PSF) remains unclear. We aimed to determine if there is any association between ex vivo synthesized and circulating cytokines, and risk of PSF.

Gene expression profiling in whole blood stimulated ex vivo with lipopolysaccharide as a tool to predict post-stroke depressive symptoms: Proof-of-concept study.

Prediction of post-stroke depressive symptoms (DSs) is challenging in patients without a history of depression. Gene expression profiling in blood cells may facilitate the search for biomarkers. The use of an ex vivo stimulus to the blood helps to reveal differences in gene profiles by reducing variation in gene expression.

What helps patients to prepare for and cope during awake craniotomy? A prospective qualitative study.

There is growing interest in awake craniotomies, but some clinicians are concerned that such procedures are poorly tolerated by patients. Therefore, we conducted a study to assess this phenomenon. In this prospective qualitative study, 68 patients who qualified for awake craniotomy were asked to complete the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)-two days before the surgery and visual analogue scales (VAS) for pain and stress, two days before the surgery and again about two days after.

Subtemporal Approach and Its Infratentorial Extension: Review and a Comparative Analysis of Different Techniques.

 Surgical resection of lesions occupying the incisural space is challenging. In a comparative fashion, we aimed to describe the anatomy and surgical approaches to the tentorial incisura and to the rostral brainstem via the intradural subtemporal approach and its infratentorial extensions.  Six fresh human head specimens (12 sides) were prepared for the microscopic dissection of the tentorial incisura using the intradural subtemporal approach and its infratentorial extensions.

Attention and working memory in patients with prolactinomas: a case-control study.

Prolactinomas (prolactin-secreting adenomas) are the most common type of hormone-secreting pituitary tumor. Mounting evidence indicates that excess prolactin impairs cognitive function, but specific assessments of attention in patients with prolactinomas are lacking. Case-control study gathered 54 participants-27 patients with prolactinoma and 27 healthy controls.

Cortical and white matter anatomy relevant for the lateral and superior approaches to resect intraaxial lesions within the frontal lobe.

Despite being associated with high-order neurocognitive functions, the frontal lobe plays an important role in core neurological functions, such as motor and language functions. The aim of this study was to present a neurosurgical perspective of the cortical and subcortical anatomy of the frontal lobe in terms of surgical treatment of intraaxial frontal lobe lesions. We also discuss the results of direct brain mapping when awake craniotomy is performed.

Monitored Anesthesia Care Protocol for Awake Craniotomy and Patient's Perspective on the Procedure.

Objective: There is ongoing discussion on pros and cons in terms of different anesthesia protocols for awake craniotomy (AC) with direct brain stimulation. The aim of this study is to share our anesthesia protocol and present our patients' perspectives.

Methods: We conducted an analysis of prospectively collected data from 53 (54 procedures) consecutive patients.

Serum C-reactive protein adds predictive information for post-stroke delirium: The PROPOLIS study.

Objective: Delirium is common and serious complication after stroke. Accurate prediction of delirium is important for prevention and monitoring of high-risk patients. Our study aimed to determine if addition of C-reactive protein (CRP) to a model based on easy-to-access clinical predictors improves accuracy of delirium prediction in acute stroke patients.

Long-Term Management of Seizures after Surgical Treatment of Supratentorial Cavernous Malformations : A Retrospective Single Centre Study.

Objective: Seizure recurrence after the first-ever seizure in patients with a supratentorial cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is almost certain, so the diagnosis and treatment of epilepsy is justified. The optimal method of management of these patients is still a matter of debate. The aim of our study was to identify factors associated with postoperative seizure control and assess the surgical morbidity rate.

The use of anticholinergic medication is associated with an increased risk of stroke-associated pneumonia.

Background: Pneumonia is a frequent medical complication after stroke. A few studies showed that the use of anticholinergic medication is associated with a higher risk of community acquired pneumonia in the elderly. We aimed to determine if there is any association between anticholinergic medication used before stroke and stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP).

Anatomy of the occipital lobe using lateral and posterior approaches: a neuroanatomical study with a neurosurgical perspective on intraoperative brain mapping.

Background: A major concern of occipital lobe surgery is the risk of visual field deficits. Extending anatomical occipital lobectomy to the functional requires awake conditions because the anterior resection border comprises language-, motor- and visuospatial function-related areas within the temporal and parietal lobes. This study investigated the lateral and posterior perspectives of the occipital lobe anatomy when approaching intraaxial occipital lobe lesions.

Delirium and subsyndromal delirium are associated with the long-term risk of death after ischaemic stroke.

Background: Post-stroke delirium has a negative impact on functional outcome. We explored if there is any association between delirium, subsyndromal delirium and long-term mortality after ischaemic stroke and transient ischaemic attack.

Methods: We included 564 patients with ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack.

Subtypes of delirium after ischaemic stroke-predisposing factors and outcomes: a prospective observational study (PROPOLIS).

Background And Purpose: Delirium is a serious complication after stroke. It remains unclear whether different motor subtypes of delirium are associated with diverse risk factors and outcomes. The aim was to investigate if delirium subtypes differ in predisposing factors, clinical characteristics and outcomes.