[Genomic instability in atherosclerosis].

A comparative study of the level of genomic instability, parameters of quantitative and structural mutations of chromosomes (aberration, aneuploidy, polyploidy) in lymphocyte cultures from patients with atherosclerosis of age 80 years and older (control group - 30-35 years old) was conducted. The possibility of correction of disturbed genomic indicators by peptide bioregulators - Livagen (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala) and cobalt ions with separate application or in combination was also studied. Control was lymphocyte culture of two healthy respective age groups.

[Functional regulation of genome with peptide bioregulators by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (by patients and relatives)].

In this paper, a comparative study of the functional genome indicators using lymphocyte cultures of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and their first relatives. Studies conducted both in intact cultures and cultures exposed to the influence of peptide - bioregulators Epithalon, Vilon and Livagen. Last (Livagen) tested at separate and joint application with cobalt chloride salt.

[Genome instability in pulmonary tuberculosis before and after treatment].

Pulmonary tuberculosis is classified as a disease with a genetic predisposition, and therefore, as with other pathologies related to this group of diseases, by pulmonary tuberculosis, special importance is given to finding those markers that enable early identification of risk groups, such as skrinnig in general population and relatives of patients with tuberculosis, which in turn can provide the basis for preventive measures. One of this markers is the level of genome stability. The aim of this study was a comparative evaluation of the functional parameters of the genome variability in patients with sensitive form of pulmonary tuberculosis before and after treatment, and the possibility of its correction with anti-stress peptide bioregulator - epitalon.

[Deheterochromatinization of the chromatin in old age induced by oligopeptide bioregulator (Lys-Glu-Asp-Pro)].

In this work is presented the data on the variability of the functional characteristics of the chromosomes in the cells exposed by oligopeptide bioregulator - Prostamax from old individuals (75-86 years). Evaluated: the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCE); Ag-positive NORs (in associations and nonassociations), as well as the variability of the structural C-pericentromeric heterochromatin. Prostamax changed the chromosomal parameters: 1) increased the frequency of SCE to 12,0±0,28 exchange in per cell (in intact cells - 5,9±0,2); 2) increased the frequency of Ag-positive NORs to 2.

[The effect of heavy metal ions and peptide bioregulators on the expression of chromosome fragile sites in the individuals of different age groups and breast cancer patients].

Expression rates of chromosome fragile sites in peripheral blood lymphocytes have been studied in clinically healthy individuals of different age groups (20-38 yrs and 75-86 yrs) and breast cancer patients (8 cases). In individuals with a normal check-up of different age groups the heavy metal (nickel, zinc and cobalt) ions were also examined on their influence on the expression of the fragile sites and the peptide bioregulators (Livagen and Epithalon) were tested on their ability to correct the pattern of expression. Short-term lymphocyte cultures were used as tested material.

[Variability of C-structural heterochromatin in cells derived from the patients with cardiomiopathy and from their relatives].

Variability of C-structural heterochromatin segments in chromosome 1,9 and 16 has been studied in lymphocyte cultures of peripheral blood taken from the patients with the hypertrophy (HC) and dilatate (DC) forms of cardiomiopathy and their 1st degree relatives (32 individuals, in total). 10 healthy individuals composed the control group. C-segments were sorted according to Patil and Lubs: a<0.

[Variability of radiation-induced adaptive response in old age individuals and their correction by Peptide bioregulator -Livagen].

Effect of aging on adaptive response of cellular systems to low (stimulated) dozes of gamma-rays (0, 2 and 0, 5 Gy) and to disturbing dozes of radiation (1 and 2 Gy) has been investigated. PHA-stimulated cells were from 72-86 year-old individuals; control - 30-40 year-old individuals. The potentialities of induction of adaptive response in cells exposed to previously irradiated by stimulating dozes of gamma-rays with subsequent damaging effect of copper chloride (10(-3)M) has been investigated.

[Chromosome instability in patients with different forms of cardiomyopathy and their relatives].

Comparative studies on spontaneous and induced by two agents (mytomycin C and Nickel chloride) chromosome instability have been conducted in cultured lymphocytes derived from patients with hypertrophic and dilated forms of cardiomyopathy (HCMP and DCMP) and their relatives compiling a high-risk group to develop mentioned pathologies. In patients with HCMP and DCMP, as well as in their relatives higher levels of spontaneous chromosome instability were found in comparison with the control group (comprising healthy individuals without cardiomyopathic anamnesis). Almost all the affected patients and their relatives revealed tendency to increased aneuploidy and significant elevation of polyploidy when compared with control values.

Effects of Livagen peptide on chromatin activation in lymphocytes from old people.

We studied the effects of the synthetic peptide Livagen on activity of ribosomal genes, denaturation parameters of heterochromatin, polymorphism of structural C-heterochromatin, and variability of facultative heterochromatin in lymphocytes from old people. Livagen induced activation of ribosomal genes, decondensation of pericentromeric structural heterochromatin, and release of genes repressed due to age-related condensation of euchromatic regions in chromosomes. Our results indicate that Livagen causes de-heterochromatinization (activation) of chromatin, which is realized via modification of heterochromatin and heterochromatinized regions in chromosomes from old people.

[Structural mutations of chromosome mutations induced by heavy metal salts during aging in vivo and in vitro].

The cytogenetic effect of inorganic copper (CuSO4) and cadmium (CdCl2) salts was studied in cells of long-term (144-hour) human cultures (in vitro model of aging) and in elderly individuals (80-93 years old). Copper sulfate increased the incidence of aberrant cells both in elderly individuals (14.25 +/- 1.

[The characteristics of the course of inflammatory joint diseases in the inhabitants of an agricultural region].

The course of the main chronic inflammatory diseases of the joints was analyzed with special reference to the rural region of Georgia. 30 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 13 with ankylosing spondylarthritis, and 6 with reactive arthritis are registered and followed up by the rheumatologist. It is shown that the population of the region in question is characterized by a later onset of RA, a high percentage of the seronegative variety of the disease with involvement of the hand joints, and ankylosing of the carpal joints.

[Effect of copper ions on chromosome structural mutations caused by Cs1 37 gamma rays in moist seed cells of Crepis capillaris L].

When seeds of Crepis capillaris were germinated in solutions of Cu(NO3)2 (at 0.55-10(-5) M and 1.1-10(-5) M concentrations) the frequency of structural chromosome mutations induced by gamma-rays (137Cs) at 200 and 400 r doses was higher as compared to that induced in the absence of copper ions.