[Morphological changes in the urinary tracts in chlamydial infection (experimental study)].

Model experiments on 57 white rat females with acute chlamydeal and bacterial infection staged infectious process. The stages were strictly limited by time: within 3 days of infection--exudative-necrotic stage, within the infection days 3 to 7--infectious stage, day 7-14--carriage. Thus, it is demonstrated that specific therapy of chlamydial infection should cover more than 14 days whatever clinical response may be.

[Treatment of ureterocele in children].

Twenty six patients (15 children and 11 adults) with ureterocele were treated. Heterotopic ureterocele prevailed over common forms in children while in adults--vice versa (66.7 and 33.

[Gastrointestinal hormones in the blood serum of patients with chronic renal failure].

Content of gastrointestinal hormones (gastrin, insulin, glucagon, C-peptide), beta2-microglobulin, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were studied in 65 patients with nephrolithiasis (NL) and in 73 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). It was found that NL with GFR under 80 ml/min runs with elevated insulin, glucagon and C-peptide while CRF with CRF under 30 ml/min is characterized by aggravated disorders of hormonal homeostasis (gastrin, insulin, glucagons, C-peptide elevation). As gastrointestinal hormones in patients with CRF are high, it is recommended to combine medication with diet containing low amount of carbohydrates easy for digestion which is important in the treatment of CRF.

[Sex correction in testicular feminization syndrome].

From 1993 to 2000 the authors observed 10 patients with testicular feminization. In spite of existent highly informative methods, early diagnosis of the genesis of abnormal sexual differentiation is not easy, it requires time. Treatment policy varied with the form of testicular feminization.

[Surgical treatment pf vasorenal hypertension complicated by renal failure].

28 patients with vasorenal hypertension complicated by renal failure were operated. 20, 7 and 1 patients were in the stages of compensation, subcompensation and decompensation, respectively. Nephrectomy, plastic reconstruction of renal artery, nephropexy, dilation of the renal artery were made.

[Comparative features of antireflux surgery, causes of recurrence of vesicoureteral reflux in children].

2560 children with the reflux were observed, 224 of them were operated. Long-term positive results after Koan's operation were noted in 97.7% of the patients.

[Changes in portal and hepatic blood flow in patients with chronic kidney failure as shown by Doppler ultrasonography].

45 patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) were examined for blood flow in the portal vein and hepatic artery using impulse dopplerography. In the hepatic artery there was lowering of maximal systolic blood flow, end diastolic blood flow, elevated pulsative index and index of resistance. These changes appeared at early stages of CRF and progressed with its progression.

[Long-term results of plastic surgery in hydronephrosis in children].

94 children (109 kidneys) with congenital hydronephrosis were treated in 1989-1997. 67 of them underwent 76 plastic operations: Andersen-Hynes operation on the ureteropelvic segment without pelvic resection (n = 53), antevasal pyelopyelo- and ureteropyeloanastomosis (n = 18), ureteropyelolysis (n = 5). Excellent, good and satisfactory results were obtained in 16.

[The ultrasonic diagnosis of ureteral stones in children].

Ultrasonography (USG) was performed in 117 children aged 8 months-14 years with ureterolithiasis. X-ray and ultrasonic evidence was compared for the upper, middle and low parts of the ureter. USG proved preferable for imaging of the upper and low ureter, x-ray negative concrements, in loss of renal function, while x-ray was much more informative for visualizing middle part of the ureter.

[Changes in myocardial hemodynamics and contractile function in patients under surgical treatment for prostatic adenoma].

Hemodynamics and left ventricular myocardial contractility in 170 patients who underwent surgery of prostatic adenoma were examined in preoperative period and 16 days after single-stage transvesical adenomectomy. The age of the patients varied from 52 to 85 years. Echocardiography and the dilution method were used for the evaluation.

[The possibility of predicting the hypotensive effect of the surgical treatment of nephrogenic hypertension].

An acute captopril test with a repeated dynamic renoscintigraphy was made in 27 patients with unilateral diseases of the kidneys complicated by nephrogenic hypertension. The above pharmacotest allows the hypotensive effect of operation to be prognosed by the dynamics of the average arterial pressure, plasma renin and blood aldosterone activity as well as by the dynamics of the rate of glomerular filtration and efficient renal plasma flow in the contralateral kidney.

[Disorders of pulmonary hemodynamics in patients with diabetic nephroangiopathy and its correction with antioxidants].

Hemodynamic changes of lesser circulation were investigated in 108 patients with diabetic nephroangiopathy. They were also given vitamin E therapy (8 micrograms/kg of body mass) for 2 weeks to correct metabolic derangements and indices of pulmonary hemodynamics. Partial renal function was determined with 131I-hippuran and 99mTc-DTPA renoscintigraphy.

[The role of echography in the diagnosis of vesico-ureteral reflux in children].

A study was made of alternative potentialities of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflex (VUR) in 137 children (228 kidneys) aged 16 days to 14 years. Routine scanning of the urinary tract was performed; the dynamics of dilatation of the renal pelvis was estimated depending on the degree of the urinary bladder filling and urination; contrast sonography was carried out. Complex ultrasonography was informative in 33% of cases with grade I VUR, in 79% of cases with grade II VUR, and in 100% of cases with grade III-V VUR.

[A comparative assessment of homeostasis and hemodynamics during the performance of bicarbonate and acetate hemodialysis].

The article deals with the comparative analysis of certain values of homeostasis and hemodynamics in 25 patients with chronic renal failure who were subjected to systematic bicarbonate and acetate hemodialysis. Comparative study of some values of homeostasis, hemodynamics and myocardial contractility in patients with chronic renal failure during hemodialysis with acetate and bicarbonate solutions showed the advantages of bicarbonate hemodialysis. During bicarbonate hemodialysis, in addition to the patients' good tolerance to the procedure, the correction of the disturbed homeostasis was more physiological on the one hand, and positive shifts occurred in the activity of the blood circulatory system on the other.

[The diagnosis and dispensary care of pregnant patients with nephropathy].

365 females followed up for 4-6 years who had new-onset or repeated nephropathy at pregnancy (NP) showed during the II and III trimester impaired humoral immunity evident from elevated levels of IgA, IgM and CIC. NP relapses at repeated pregnancies occurred in 89%, residual manifestations of the disease in 45% of the examinees. Postnatal immunological studies of women with previous NP but no clinical signs of it at the time of examination still continued to demonstrate alterations in cellular and humoral immunity.

[The use of the M-cholinomimetic test in predicting treatment efficacy in neurogenic bladder dysfunctions].

Presented are the first-hand correlations between therapeutic responses and hyper-response of the bladder of M-cholinomimetic drugs made by the authors on the basis of a follow-up of 98 children with hyper-reflex dysfunctions of the urinary bladder. The study revealed a definite relationship: the more pronounced hyper-response was, the more difficult it was to get a persistent effect of recovered function of the bladder. Out of 63 M-cholinomimetic-positive patients, the effective response was noted in 61.

[Value of alpha adrenergic blocking agents in the complex treatment of hydronephrosis in children].

Results of a pharmacotest with phentolamine show that in hydronephrosis patients the amplitude of contractions of the ureter became 3 times greater, the tonometrical index was 2 times greater, the basic pressure became 2 times less. The including of adrenoblocking agents into the complex treatment of patients with functional obstruction of the ureteropelvic system facilitated considerable dilatation of the calyceal-pelvic system. Plastic operations were performed in 21 patients.

Plasmapheresis in overall treatment of renal immune diseases.

Polymorphism of the clinical picture manifested in pregnancy induced nephropathies necessitates the development of special immune methods of diagnosis, prevention and overall treatment. The changes in cellular and humoral immunity disclosed in this group of patients may serve as a starting point for elucidating the mechanism underlying pathogenesis of the disease and complications. Complex therapy, including medicinal preparations, dietotherapy and plasmapheresis contributes to normalizing the clinical course of pregnancy, correcting the immunologic status and decreasing the incidence of complications in the postpartum period.

[Immediate and late results of anti-reflux surgery in children].

Nearest and long-term results of 114 antireflux operations performed on 78 children were studied. Choice of the method of operative intervention, degree of ureterectasia on excretory urograms and functional state of the urinary bladder were shown to have an influence on results of antireflux operations. Best results were obtained following operations after Politano--Leadbetter and Kohen.

[Effect of hemodialysis on blood hormone and lipid levels in patients with chronic kidney failure].

The task of the study was to investigate the effect of systematic hemodialysis on lipid and hormonal metabolic indices in patients with chronic renal insufficiency (CRI). In 83.3%, patients with CRI at the terminal stage demonstrated lipid disorders noted against a background of noticeable hormonal imbalance and characterized by high levels of insulin, parathormone, cortisol, somatotropin in the blood serum and a low level of triiodothyronine in the blood.

[Endovascular electrosurgery of varicocele].

A new method of treatment of varicocele is described consisting in the endovascular electrocoagulation of the internal testicular vein in order to interrupt reno-testicular reflux resulting from insufficiency of the internal testicular vein valves. The endovascular electrocoagulation of the internal testicular vein was fulfilled via either a retrograde or an antegrade access. The endovascular electrocoagulation of the internal testicular vein was made in 49 patients with a left-side varicocele.

[Comparative evaluation of methods of preventing postoperative thromboembolic complications in patients with prostatic adenoma].

An analysis of treatment of 148 patients has shown that a combination of reopolyglucin and small doses of heparin when used against the background of the hemodilutional infusion-transfusion means reduced incidence of thrombosis from 48.4% to 3.6%.