Longitudinal Analysis of Functional Capacity in Nursing Home Residents During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background And Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about nursing home (NH) residents' well-being, with recent studies indicating a significant increase in functional decline rate during this critical period. However, a comprehensive exploration of functional capacity trajectories in NH residents during the pandemic remains unexplored. This study aims to address this research gap by conducting an in-depth analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on NH residents' functional capacity.

Multilevel analysis of social determinants of advanced stage colorectal cancer diagnosis.

The advanced stage at diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) may be related to individual factors, socioeconomic conditions, and healthcare service availability. The objective of the study was to analyze the prevalence of advanced stage CRC at the time of diagnosis and its association with individual, contextual, socioeconomic, and healthcare service indicators. An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted, analyzing cases of malignant neoplasms of the colon and rectum in individuals of both sexes, aged between 18 and 99 years, diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 in Brazil (n = 69,047).

Incidence of depression among community-dwelling older adults: A systematic review.

We aimed to synthesise information related to the incidence of depression and depressive symptoms (DDS) in a community-dwelling older adult population at a global level. In this systematic review, we included articles with a cohort study design that evaluated the incidence of depression or depressive symptoms in older adults aged 60 years or more in a community-dwelling environment. Six databases were used: Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, LILACS, SciELO, and Cochrane, and the entire selection process was independently performed by peers.

Prevalence of multimorbidity in Brazilian individuals: A population-based study.

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity in Brazilian individuals and its association with sociodemographic and lifestyle factors. This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health Survey conducted in 2019 with 88,531 Brazilian adults Multimorbidity is the presence of two or more non-communicable chronic diseases. Associated factors were assessed by calculating the prevalence ratio (PR) obtained using Poisson regression with robust variance.

[Estimated multimorbity among young Brazilians: results of the 2019 National Health Survey].

Multimorbidity, namely the presence of two or more chronic non-communicable diseases, is directly associated with behavioral factors. This study sought to estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity among young Brazilians by linking it to different social and lifestyle determinants. It involved a cross-sectional study of the data source, namely the 2019 National Health Survey.

Quality of prescription writing in Brazilian primary health care.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of prescription writing in the context of public primary health care.

Background: Prescription errors are one of the leading patient safety problems in primary care and can be caused by errors in therapeutic decisions or in the quality of prescription writing.

Methods: Cross-sectional observational study conducted in a municipality in Northeastern Brazil.

Risk factors for developing symptomatic COVID-19 in older residents of nursing homes: A hypothesis-generating observational study.

Objectives: To identify which risk factors were associated with developing Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) infection, with symptoms, in institutionalized older people.

Methods: A 1-year longitudinal multi-center study was conducted in 5 nursing homes (NHs) over the period December 2019 to March 2021. Inclusion criteria included being a permanent resident in the NH, aged 65 years or older, and a positive diagnosis of COVID-19 objectively confirmed by a diagnostic test.

Longitudinal Relationship Between Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Function in a European Multicentric Population Older Than 50 Years.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the bidirectional association between handgrip strength (HGS) and cognitive performance in different cognitive functions in a European population and to evaluate the predictive validity of HGS for the risk of future cognitive impairment in aging individuals.

Methods: This was a prospective cohort study conducted using data on individuals over 50 years of age from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). HGS measures and scores in numeracy, recall, and verbal fluency were repeated and analyzed biannually for 4 years and were used in generalized estimating equations to test the bidirectional association, categorized by sex.

[COVID-19 in Brazil: trends, challenges, and perspectives after 18 months of the pandemicCOVID-19 en Brasil: tendencias, desafíos y perspectivas después de 18 meses de pandemia].

Objective: To analyze the incidence and mortality trends from COVID-19 in Brazil as well as in federation units and their capitals.

Method: An ecological study was performed using COVID-19 incidence and mortality data covering the period from 25 February 2020 (first case recorded in Brazil) to 31 July 2021. Data were grouped by month for calculation of crude rates (by 100 000 population) and assessment of time trends in federation units and capitals.

Completeness of cervical cancer staging information in Brazil: A national hospital-based study.

Background: Cancer staging information in Hospital Cancer Registries (HCR) is essential for cancer care quality evaluations. This study aimed to analyze the completeness of cervical cancer staging in Brazilian HCR and identify individual and contextual factors associated with unknown staging.

Methods: The outcome analyzed was missing or unknown staging (Malignant Tumor Classification System and/or International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) in 2006-2015.

Inequalities in Temporal Effects on Cervical Cancer Mortality in States in Different Geographic Regions of Brazil: An Ecological Study.

Cervical cancer is a public health issue with high disease burden and mortality in Brazil. The objectives of the present study were, firstly, to analyze age, period, and cohort effects on cervical cancer mortality in women 20 years old or older from 1980 to 2019 in the North, South, and Southeast Regions of Brazil; and secondly, to evaluate whether the implementation of a national screening program and the expansion of access to public health services impacted the examined period and reduced the risk of death compared with previous years and among younger cohorts. The effects were estimated by applying Poisson regression models with estimable functions.

Validation of the QualiPresc instrument for assessing the quality of drug prescription writing in primary health care.

Introduction: Adverse events related to drug prescriptions are the main patient safety issue in primary care; however there is a lack of validated instruments for assessing the quality of prescription writing, which covers the prescriber, the patient and the drug information.

Objective: To develop and validate the QualiPresc instrument to assess and monitor the quality of drug prescriptions in primary care, accompanied by a self-instruction direction, with the goal of filling the gap in validated instruments to assess the quality of prescription writing.

Methodology: A validation study conducted in a municipality in Northeastern Brazil, based on prescriptions prepared in January 2021 by physicians assigned to 18 Basic Health Units and filed in 6 distribution/dispensing units.

Sarcopenia and associated factors according to the EWGSOP2 criteria in older people living in nursing homes: a cross-sectional study.

Background: In 2018, the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People (EWGSOP2) updated the original definition of sarcopenia, establishing new criteria to be used globally. Early diagnosis of sarcopenia in nursing home residents and the identification of contributing factors would target interventions to reduce the incidence of malnutrition, social isolation, functional decline, hospitalization and mortality.

Aim: Verify the prevalence and the degree of severity of sarcopenia according to the new EWSGOP2 criteria and to analyse its associated factors in residents living in nursing homes in Central Catalonia (Spain).

Spatial assessment of advanced-stage diagnosis and lung cancer mortality in Brazil.

The high incidence and mortality rates make lung cancer a global public health issue. Socioeconomic conditions and the provision of health services may be associated with this reality. This study investigates the spatial distribution of advanced-stage diagnosis and mortality due to lung cancer and its association with the healthcare services supply and demographic and socioeconomic indicators in Brazil.

Incidence of depression and depressive symptoms and their predictive factors in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.

Introduction: Faced with the continuous growth in the number of older people at a global level, some concerns are raised about the way people age. Health conditions such as depressive symptoms and depression have a direct or indirect impact on the quality of life of this population segment. The objective of this study is to verify the incidence of the various presentations of the depressive spectrum in the community-dwelling older population, as well as to analyse the predictive factors.

Urinary Incontinence in Physically Active Older Women of Northeast Brazil.

Low- and moderate-impact physical activity (PA) is associated with the prevention of urinary incontinence (UI). The objective of the cross-sectional study presented herein is to analyze the factors associated with UI in physically older active women who participate in senior community groups. The variable UI was measured by the International Consultation Incontinence Questionnaire Short Form (ICIQ-SF).

Improving the Quality of Life of Family Caregivers of People with Alzheimer's Disease through Virtual Communities of Practice: A Quasiexperimental Study.

Caring for a person with dementia burdens family caregivers, and there is a close negative relationship between this burden and their quality of life (QoL). Research suggests that caregivers' main needs are information and training about the disease and support from others experiencing the same situation, and Internet interventions hold considerable promise for meeting these needs. Virtual communities of practice (VCoPs) are Internet frameworks to share knowledge where members collaborate and achieve a sense of trust in the community.

Incidence and mortality from thyroid cancer in Latin America.

Objective: To describe trends in thyroid cancer incidence and mortality in Latin America.

Methods: Ecological study of time series, with incidence data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer for the 1990-2012 period and mortality data of 16 countries obtained from WHO for the 1995-2013 period. The trends of incidence rates were analysed by the Joinpoint regression.

Prevalence of occupational accidents and associated variables in the Brazilian workforce.

Introduction: Current estimates suggest that 317 million occupational accidents occur annually worldwide.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of occupational accidents and associated variables in the Brazilian workforce.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed using data from adults aged 18 or older who participated in the National Health Survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde) (2013).

Prevalence of multimorbidity and associated factors in the Brazilian working population.

Introduction: According to the World Health Organization (2018), recent changes in the epidemiological profile of working populations point to an increase in non-communicable chronic illnesses and a decrease in communicable chronic illnesses.

Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of multimorbidity in the Brazilian working population (≥18 years) and identify associated factors based on data from the 2013 national health survey (Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde).

Methods: This was a cross sectional study based on data from the 2013 national health survey, which included n = 47,629 people aged 18 years or older.

Incidence and mortality by larynx cancer in Central and South America.

Objective: To describe how the incidence and mortality trends for laryngeal cancer in South and Central American countries.

Methods: Time series study, with incidence data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, from 1990 to 2012 and mortality data from 17 countries of the World Health Organization, from 1995 to 2013. The trend was analyzed by Joinpoint regression.

Spatial distribution of advanced stage diagnosis and mortality of breast cancer: Socioeconomic and health service offer inequalities in Brazil.

Breast cancer presents high incidence and mortality rates, being considered an important public health issue. Analyze the spatial distribution pattern of late stage diagnosis and mortality for breast cancer and its correlation with socioeconomic and health service offer-related population indicators. Ecological study, developed with 161 Intermediate Region of Urban Articulation (IRUA).